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Nanocatalyst-Based Biofuel Generation: An Update, Challenges and Future Possibilities

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  • Atreyi Pramanik

    (Division of Research and Innovation, School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Arcadia Grant, P.O. Chandanwari, Premnagar, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Anis Ahmad Chaudhary

    (Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Aashna Sinha

    (Division of Research and Innovation, School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Arcadia Grant, P.O. Chandanwari, Premnagar, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India)

  • Kundan Kumar Chaubey

    (Division of Research and Innovation, School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Arcadia Grant, P.O. Chandanwari, Premnagar, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India)

  • Mohammad Saquib Ashraf

    (Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Riyadh ELM University, Riyadh 12734, Saudi Arabia)

  • Nosiba Suliman Basher

    (Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia)

  • Hassan Ahmad Rudayni

    (Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia)

  • Deen Dayal

    (Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Chaumuhan, Mathura 2814063, Uttar Pradesh, India)

  • Sanjay Kumar

    (Department of Life Science, Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Knowledge Park-III, Greater Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India)

Abstract

Aggrandize industrialization and urbanization have resulted in many issues, such as increased energy demand, a plethora of waste output, and negative environmental consequences. As a result, there is excessive exploitation and over-usage of fuels and finite resources, which is paving the path for the exhaustion of fuels. Extensive use of these fossil-derived fuels has caused serious threats to the environment in terms of greenhouse gases emission leading to breathing troubles and other associated health hazards. In order to mitigate the harmful effects of fossil-derived fuels, researchers are more focused towards the production and application of bio-based fuels like bioethanol, biodiesel, biohydrogen etc. These biofuels are produced from crops and edible/non-edible materials and emit much lower pollution compared to fossil-derived fuels. Even though biofuels are effective alternatives, high operational costs with low production volume are the major limitations of this process, which the available technologies cannot handle. With increasing application of nanoparticles as catalysts in several sectors due to its unique properties such as high catalytic activity, surface to volume ratio, mechanical properties, etc., its application in biofuels production has been explored recently. The present review focuses on the application of nanocatalysts in various stages of biofuel production, different types of nanocatalyst used in the innovative era and for biofuels production and their merits and demerits. The supply of biofuels, such as feedstock is large, and with improved processing, we may be able to significantly lower our reliance on fossil fuels. The present review discusses the current updates, future possibilities, and challenges of biofuels production to help make the country self-reliant in the field of green energy.

Suggested Citation

  • Atreyi Pramanik & Anis Ahmad Chaudhary & Aashna Sinha & Kundan Kumar Chaubey & Mohammad Saquib Ashraf & Nosiba Suliman Basher & Hassan Ahmad Rudayni & Deen Dayal & Sanjay Kumar, 2023. "Nanocatalyst-Based Biofuel Generation: An Update, Challenges and Future Possibilities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-17, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:7:p:6180-:d:1115393
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    References listed on IDEAS

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