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Determining the Safe Distance for Mining Equipment Operation When Forming an Internal Dump in a Deep Open Pit

Author

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  • Oleg Bazaluk

    (Belt and Road Initiative Institute for Chinese-European Studies (BRIICES), Guangdong University of Petro-Chemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China)

  • Oleh Anisimov

    (Department of Surface Mining, Dnipro University of Technology, 49005 Dnipro, Ukraine)

  • Pavlo Saik

    (Department of Mining Engineering and Education, Dnipro University of Technology, 49005 Dnipro, Ukraine)

  • Vasyl Lozynskyi

    (Department of Mining Engineering and Education, Dnipro University of Technology, 49005 Dnipro, Ukraine)

  • Oleksandr Akimov

    (Interregional Academy of Personnel Management, 03039 Kyiv, Ukraine)

  • Leonid Hrytsenko

    (Department of Surface Mining, Dnipro University of Technology, 49005 Dnipro, Ukraine)

Abstract

In the surface mining of mineral deposits, land resources suitable for agricultural purposes are inappropriately spent in large volumes. When mining deep open pits, overburden rocks are mainly transported to the surface. The optimal solution for reducing the area of disturbed lands is the placement of overburden rocks in internal dumps in the open pit. This is especially suitable when mining a mineral deposit with several open pits where at least one of them is depleted. Therefore, it is important to assess the feasibility of building an internal dump, based on the stability parameters of its slopes and the safe distance for placing mining equipment within its boundaries, which was the focus of this research. Numerical modeling with Slide 5.0 software was used to determine the stability of the dump slope inside the open pit and the safe distance from the upper slope edge for placing mining equipment. This reflected the geomechanical situation occurring within the boundaries of the dump formed in the open-pit field with a high degree of reliability. It was determined that the maximum standard safety factor values of the open-pit slopes are within the limits when the overburden rocks border on the hard bedrock ( Ks.s.f ≥ 1.2). Under the condition where the dump slope bordered on sedimentations represented by clays, loams, and sands with a strength of 2–3 on the Mohs scale, the safety factor decreased by 22%. It was determined that the minimum safe distance from the outer contour of the dragline base to the upper edge of a single-tier dump was 15.5 m with a safety factor of 1.21. The maximum safe distance values in the range of 73.5–93 m were concentrated within the boundaries of sections 5–9, with a safety factor from 1.18 to 1.28. When the dragline was located within the boundaries of section 7, the dump construction works should be conducted only if the dump exist for up to 3 years. Based on the identified parameters, on the example of using the ESH-11/70 walking dragline, a technological scheme of its operation was developed with the allocation of safe boundaries for its placement when forming an internal dump. The results obtained are useful for the development of projects for the reclamation of depleted open pits.

Suggested Citation

  • Oleg Bazaluk & Oleh Anisimov & Pavlo Saik & Vasyl Lozynskyi & Oleksandr Akimov & Leonid Hrytsenko, 2023. "Determining the Safe Distance for Mining Equipment Operation When Forming an Internal Dump in a Deep Open Pit," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-18, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:7:p:5912-:d:1110321
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Margarita Ignatyeva & Vera Yurak & Natalia Pustokhina, 2020. "Recultivation of Post-Mining Disturbed Land: Review of Content and Comparative Law and Feasibility Study," Resources, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-17, June.
    2. Michał Patyk & Przemysław Bodziony & Zbigniew Krysa, 2021. "A Multiple Criteria Decision Making Method to Weight the Sustainability Criteria of Equipment Selection for Surface Mining," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-14, May.
    3. Oleg Bazaluk & Mykhailo Petlovanyi & Vasyl Lozynskyi & Serhii Zubko & Kateryna Sai & Pavlo Saik, 2021. "Sustainable Underground Iron Ore Mining in Ukraine with Backfilling Worked-Out Area," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-17, January.
    4. Oleg Bazaluk & Ivan Sadovenko & Alina Zahrytsenko & Pavlo Saik & Vasyl Lozynskyi & Roman Dychkovskyi, 2021. "Forecasting Underground Water Dynamics within the Technogenic Environment of a Mine Field. Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-18, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Pavlo Saik & Oleksii Cherniaiev & Oleh Anisimov & Kanay Rysbekov, 2023. "Substantiation of the Direction for Mining Operations That Develop under Conditions of Shear Processes Caused by Hydrostatic Pressure," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-16, November.
    2. Heydari, Mehrnoosh & Osanloo, Morteza, 2024. "Untangling the complex web of environmental, social, and economic impacts in deep and large-scale open-pit mining projects using a dynamic modeling framework," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).

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