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Heavy Metal Pollution and Risk Assessment of Vegetables and Soil in Jinhua City of China

Author

Listed:
  • Yangbin Mao

    (Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Maomao Wang

    (Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Hewen Wei

    (Jinhua Institute of Food and Drug Inspection and Testing, Jinhua 321000, China)

  • Ning Gong

    (Yiwu Product and Commodity Quality Inspection Institute, Jinhua 322000, China)

  • Feijuan Wang

    (Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China)

  • Cheng Zhu

    (Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China)

Abstract

To understand the heavy metal (Cd, Cr and Pb) pollution situation and exposure risk of the vegetables and soil in Jinhua City, soil–vegetable samples collected from three districts of Jinhua City were analyzed in detail, and the risks of heavy metal concentration in vegetable and soil were evaluated using the single pollution index, Nemerow pollution index, Hakanson potential ecological index and a health risk assessment. The results indicate that: (1) The soil in Jinhua City is mainly polluted by Cd, and the BCF of heavy metals in vegetables was leafy vegetables > rootstalk vegetables > solanaceous vegetables. (2) Heavy metals had slight pollution in the surrounding environment, and the ecological risk of soil heavy metals in the sampling area was generally at a low risk level. (3) Children are more likely to suffer from non-carcinogenic risks; Cr is the main source of this risk (HQ Cr = 0.74). More than 90% of vegetables in the sampling had cancer risk, adults are more likely to suffer from carcinogenic risks, and Cd is the main source of potential cancer risk (TCR = 4.34 × 10 −4 ). Therefore, in our study area, Cd is the main factor of soil pollution that can cause potential cancer risk through vegetable enrichment, and Cr is the main factor causing the non-carcinogenic risk of leafy vegetables.

Suggested Citation

  • Yangbin Mao & Maomao Wang & Hewen Wei & Ning Gong & Feijuan Wang & Cheng Zhu, 2023. "Heavy Metal Pollution and Risk Assessment of Vegetables and Soil in Jinhua City of China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-18, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:5:p:4241-:d:1081809
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yanxin Hu & Chuan Wang & Zhengcheng Song & Min Chen & Li Ding & Xingyu Liang & Xiangyang Bi & Zhonggen Li & Ping Li & Wei Zheng, 2021. "Heavy Metal in Rice and Vegetable and Human Exposure near a Large Pb/Zn Smelter in Central China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(23), pages 1-13, November.
    2. Xiangyu Kong & Ting Liu & Ziheng Yu & Zhe Chen & Da Lei & Zhiwei Wang & Hua Zhang & Qiuhua Li & Shanshan Zhang, 2018. "Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation in Rice from a High Geological Background Area in Guizhou Province, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-14, October.
    3. Guanghui Guo & Degang Zhang & Yuntao Wang, 2019. "Probabilistic Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Intake via Vegetable Consumption around Pb/Zn Smelters in Southwest China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-17, September.
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