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Solar Radiation Prediction Based on Conformer-GLaplace-SDAR Model

Author

Listed:
  • Zhuoyuan Lyu

    (School of Mathematical Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Ying Shen

    (School of Mathematical Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Yu Zhao

    (School of Mathematical Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Tao Hu

    (School of Mathematical Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

Abstract

Solar energy, as a clean energy source, has tremendous potential for utilization. The advancement of solar energy utilization technology has led to an increasing demand for solar energy, resulting in a growing need for the accurate prediction of solar radiation. The main objective of this study is to develop a novel model for predicting solar radiation intervals, in order to obtain accurate and high-quality predictions. In this study, the daily sunshine duration (SD), average relative humidity (RHU), and daily average temperature (AT) were selected as the indicators affecting the daily global solar radiation (DGSR). The empirical study conducted in this research utilized daily solar radiation data and daily meteorological data collected at the Hami station in Xinjiang from January 2009 to December 2016. In this study, a novel solar radiation interval prediction model was developed based on the concept of “point prediction + interval prediction”. The Conformer model was employed for the point prediction of solar radiation, while the Generalized Laplace (GLaplace) distribution was chosen as the prior distribution to account for the prediction error. Furthermore, the Solar DeepAR Forecasting (SDAR) model was utilized to estimate parameters of the fitted residual distribution and achieve the interval prediction of solar radiation. The results showed that both models performed well, with the Conformer model achieving a Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 0.8645, a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.7033 and the fitting coefficient R 2 of 0.7751, while the SDAR model demonstrated a Coverage Width-based Criterion (CWC) value of 0.068. Compared to other conventional interval prediction methods, our study’s model exhibited superior accuracy and provided a more reliable solar radiation prediction interval, offering valuable information for ensuring power system safety and stability.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhuoyuan Lyu & Ying Shen & Yu Zhao & Tao Hu, 2023. "Solar Radiation Prediction Based on Conformer-GLaplace-SDAR Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-18, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:20:p:15050-:d:1263031
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hanif, M.F. & Mi, J., 2024. "Harnessing AI for solar energy: Emergence of transformer models," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 369(C).

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