IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i18p13413-d1235030.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Spread of MaaS Initiatives in Europe: The Leading Role of Public Governance Emerging from an Italian Regional Application

Author

Listed:
  • Claudia Caballini

    (Politecnico di Torino, Department DIATI-Transport Systems, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy)

  • Erika Olivari

    (Politecnico di Torino, Department DIATI-Transport Systems, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy)

  • Carlotta Gasparini

    (5T Srl, 10152 Turin, Italy)

  • Bruno Dalla Chiara

    (Politecnico di Torino, Department DIATI-Transport Systems, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy)

Abstract

Mobility as a service (MaaS) is a promising lever to achieve a more sustainable, co-modal, and flexible urban system for daily mobility. MaaS is crucial to addressing the challenges imposed by hyper-urbanization, social changes, saturation of public soil with private motor vehicles, and local and global environmental issues. The aim of this paper is to analyse important characteristics of MaaS, namely public governance, regional scale, and high level of development. A total of 13 MaaS initiatives implemented in some European cities were compared using multi-criteria analysis. The results show that, although the MaaS implementation process is faster for private initiatives, public governance is shown to be the most appropriate entity to develop stable MaaS services, as it can enable the achievement of a higher level of integration, coupled with a high rate of service adoption, as well as reduce market entry barriers for service providers while also guaranteeing fair competition, and consequently fostering a higher level of service provided to users. The regional coverage of MaaS is crucial to ensure service provision to a wider population, living in both metropolitan and rural areas. These important features are included in the BIPforMaaS project run by the Italian region of Piedmont, described in detail in this paper.

Suggested Citation

  • Claudia Caballini & Erika Olivari & Carlotta Gasparini & Bruno Dalla Chiara, 2023. "The Spread of MaaS Initiatives in Europe: The Leading Role of Public Governance Emerging from an Italian Regional Application," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-27, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:18:p:13413-:d:1235030
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/18/13413/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/18/13413/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hensher, David A. & Ho, Chinh Q. & Reck, Daniel J., 2021. "Corrigendum to “Mobility as a service and private car use: Evidence from the sydney MaaS trial” [Transp. Res. Part A 145 (2021) 17–33]," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 226-226.
    2. Caballini, Claudia & Agostino, Matteo & Dalla Chiara, Bruno, 2021. "Physical mobility and virtual communication in Italy: Trends, analytical relationships and policies for the post COVID-19," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 314-334.
    3. Zijlstra, Toon & Durand, Anne & Hoogendoorn-Lanser, Sascha & Harms, Lucas, 2020. "Early adopters of Mobility-as-a-Service in the Netherlands," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 197-209.
    4. Kivimaa, Paula & Rogge, Karoline S., 2022. "Interplay of policy experimentation and institutional change in sustainability transitions: The case of mobility as a service in Finland," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(1).
    5. Karlsson, I.C.M. & Mukhtar-Landgren, D. & Smith, G. & Koglin, T. & Kronsell, A. & Lund, E. & Sarasini, S. & Sochor, J., 2020. "Development and implementation of Mobility-as-a-Service – A qualitative study of barriers and enabling factors," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 283-295.
    6. van den Berg, Vincent A.C. & Meurs, Henk & Verhoef, Erik T., 2022. "Business models for Mobility as an Service (MaaS)," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 203-229.
    7. Klein, Nicholas J. & Smart, Michael J., 2017. "Millennials and car ownership: Less money, fewer cars," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 20-29.
    8. Ho, Chinh Q. & Hensher, David A. & Mulley, Corinne & Wong, Yale Z., 2018. "Potential uptake and willingness-to-pay for Mobility as a Service (MaaS): A stated choice study," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 302-318.
    9. Benedetto Barabino & Nicola Aldo Cabras & Claudio Conversano & Alessandro Olivo, 2020. "An Integrated Approach to Select Key Quality Indicators in Transit Services," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 149(3), pages 1045-1080, June.
    10. Polydoropoulou, Amalia & Pagoni, Ioanna & Tsirimpa, Athena & Roumboutsos, Athena & Kamargianni, Maria & Tsouros, Ioannis, 2020. "Prototype business models for Mobility-as-a-Service," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 149-162.
    11. Schikofsky, Jan & Dannewald, Till & Kowald, Matthias, 2020. "Exploring motivational mechanisms behind the intention to adopt mobility as a service (MaaS): Insights from Germany," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 296-312.
    12. Hensher, David A. & Ho, Chinh Q. & Reck, Daniel J., 2021. "Mobility as a service and private car use: Evidence from the Sydney MaaS trial," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 17-33.
    13. Smith, Göran & Sochor, Jana & Karlsson, I.C. MariAnne, 2018. "Mobility as a Service: Development scenarios and implications for public transport," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 592-599.
    14. Becker, Henrik & Balac, Milos & Ciari, Francesco & Axhausen, Kay W., 2020. "Assessing the welfare impacts of Shared Mobility and Mobility as a Service (MaaS)," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 228-243.
    15. Pangbourne, Kate & Mladenović, Miloš N. & Stead, Dominic & Milakis, Dimitris, 2020. "Questioning mobility as a service: Unanticipated implications for society and governance," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 35-49.
    16. Claudia Caballini & Maria Vittoria Corazza & Valentina Costa & Ilaria Delponte & Erika Olivari, 2022. "Assessing the Feasibility of MaaS: A Contribution from Three Italian Case Studies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-15, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Iria Lopez-Carreiro & Andres Monzon & Elena Lopez, 2023. "MaaS Implications in the Smart City: A Multi-Stakeholder Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-27, July.
    2. Kayikci, Yasanur & Kabadurmus, Ozgur, 2022. "Barriers to the adoption of the mobility-as-a-service concept: The case of Istanbul, a large emerging metropolis," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 219-236.
    3. Lopez-Carreiro, Iria & Monzon, Andres & Lopez-Lambas, Maria E., 2021. "Comparison of the willingness to adopt MaaS in Madrid (Spain) and Randstad (The Netherlands) metropolitan areas," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 275-294.
    4. Maria Vittoria Corazza & Giordano Carassiti, 2021. "Investigating Maturity Requirements to Operate Mobility as a Service: The Rome Case," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-31, July.
    5. Alyavina, Elena & Nikitas, Alexandros & Njoya, Eric Tchouamou, 2024. "Mobility-as-a-Service and unsustainable travel behaviour: Exploring the car ownership and public transport trip replacement side-effects of the MaaS paradigm," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 53-70.
    6. Nikitas, Alexandros & Cotet, Corneliu & Vitel, Alexandra-Elena & Nikitas, Nikolaos & Prato, Carlo, 2024. "Transport stakeholders’ perceptions of Mobility-as-a-Service: A Q-study of cultural shift proponents, policy advocates and technology supporters," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 181(C).
    7. Duan, Sophia Xiaoxia & Tay, Richard & Molla, Alemayehu & Deng, Hepu, 2022. "Predicting Mobility as a Service (MaaS) use for different trip categories: An artificial neural network analysis," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 135-149.
    8. Kriswardhana, Willy & Esztergár-Kiss, Domokos, 2023. "Exploring the aspects of MaaS adoption based on college students’ preferences," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 113-125.
    9. Reck, Daniel J. & Hensher, David A. & Ho, Chinh Q., 2020. "MaaS bundle design," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 485-501.
    10. Ho, Chinh Q. & Tirachini, Alejandro, 2024. "Mobility-as-a-Service and the role of multimodality in the sustainability of urban mobility in developing and developed countries," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 161-176.
    11. Zipeng Zhang & Ning Zhang, 2021. "A Novel Development Scheme of Mobility as a Service: Can It Provide a Sustainable Environment for China?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-19, April.
    12. Smith, Göran & Sørensen, Claus Hedegaard, 2023. "Public-private MaaS: Unchallenged assumptions and issues of conflict in Sweden," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    13. Claudia Caballini & Maria Vittoria Corazza & Valentina Costa & Ilaria Delponte & Erika Olivari, 2022. "Assessing the Feasibility of MaaS: A Contribution from Three Italian Case Studies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-15, December.
    14. Tsouros, Ioannis & Tsirimpa, Athena & Pagoni, Ioanna & Polydoropoulou, Amalia, 2021. "MaaS users: Who they are and how much they are willing-to-pay," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 470-480.
    15. Dadashzadeh, Nima & Woods, Lee & Ouelhadj, Djamila & Thomopoulos, Nikolas & Kamargianni, Maria & Antoniou, Constantinos, 2022. "Mobility as a Service Inclusion Index (MaaSINI): Evaluation of inclusivity in MaaS systems and policy recommendations," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 191-202.
    16. Panagiotis Georgakis & Adel Almohammad & Efthimios Bothos & Babis Magoutas & Kostantina Arnaoutaki & Gregoris Mentzas, 2020. "Heuristic-Based Journey Planner for Mobility as a Service (MaaS)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-25, December.
    17. Alexandros Nikitas & Kalliopi Michalakopoulou & Eric Tchouamou Njoya & Dimitris Karampatzakis, 2020. "Artificial Intelligence, Transport and the Smart City: Definitions and Dimensions of a New Mobility Era," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-19, April.
    18. Benjamin Maas, 2022. "Literature Review of Mobility as a Service," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-28, July.
    19. Hasselwander, Marc & Bigotte, Joao F. & Antunes, Antonio P. & Sigua, Ricardo G., 2022. "Towards sustainable transport in developing countries: Preliminary findings on the demand for mobility-as-a-service (MaaS) in Metro Manila," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 501-518.
    20. Hörcher, Daniel & Graham, Daniel J., 2020. "MaaS economics: Should we fight car ownership with subscriptions to alternative modes?," Economics of Transportation, Elsevier, vol. 22(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:18:p:13413-:d:1235030. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.