IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i11p8599-d1155678.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Statistical Characteristics of Air Quality Index DAQx*-Specific Air Pollutants Differentiated by Types of Air Quality Monitoring Stations: A Case Study of Seoul, Republic of Korea

Author

Listed:
  • Hyunjung Lee

    (Department of Urban Climatology, Office for Environmental Protection, City of Stuttgart, D-70182 Stuttgart, Germany)

  • Sookuk Park

    (Laboratory of Landscape Architecture, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Bioscience and Industry, College of Applied Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Republic of Korea)

  • Helmut Mayer

    (Chair of Environmental Meteorology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, D-79085 Freiburg, Germany)

Abstract

Seoul has a high density of air quality monitoring stations (AQMSs) grouped into roadside, urban, and background types. Using the extensive data from 42 AQMSs in the period 2018 to 2021, the statistical characteristics of air pollutants required to calculate the daily air quality index DAQx* (daily maximum 1 h O 3 and NO 2 means and daily 24 h PM 10 and PM 2.5 means) are determined, depending on station types and three temporal periods (individual years, winters, and summers). The results for (i) annual cycles, which include peak concentrations of PM 10 (up to 517 µg/m 3 in May 2021) and PM 2.5 (up to 153 µg/m 3 in March 2019) owing to transboundary transport, (ii) annual medians, (iii) annual scattering ranges, (iv) partitioning of frequencies into DAQx*-related concentration ranges, and (v) maximum daily variations within individual station types indicate clear statistical air pollutant characteristics depending on the station types. They were primarily caused by different emission and atmospheric exchange conditions in a circular buffer around each AQMS, which are often approximated by urban form variables. The maximum daily variations were highest in the middle NO 2 concentration range of the “satisfying” class for the roadside type (between 53% in summer 2019 and 90% in winter 2020).

Suggested Citation

  • Hyunjung Lee & Sookuk Park & Helmut Mayer, 2023. "Statistical Characteristics of Air Quality Index DAQx*-Specific Air Pollutants Differentiated by Types of Air Quality Monitoring Stations: A Case Study of Seoul, Republic of Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-25, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:11:p:8599-:d:1155678
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/11/8599/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/11/8599/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hyungkyoo Kim, 2020. "Land Use Impacts on Particulate Matter Levels in Seoul, South Korea: Comparing High and Low Seasons," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-16, May.
    2. Zissis Karavas & Vayos Karayannis & Konstantinos Moustakas, 2021. "Comparative study of air quality indices in the European Union towards adopting a common air quality index," Energy & Environment, , vol. 32(6), pages 959-980, September.
    3. Hyemin Hwang & Jae Young Lee, 2022. "Impacts of COVID-19 on Air Quality through Traffic Reduction," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-12, February.
    4. Beom-Soon Han & Kyeongjoo Park & Kyung-Hwan Kwak & Seung-Bu Park & Han-Gyul Jin & Sungju Moon & Jong-Won Kim & Jong-Jin Baik, 2020. "Air Quality Change in Seoul, South Korea under COVID-19 Social Distancing: Focusing on PM 2.5," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-12, August.
    5. Seung-Hoon Park & Dong-Won Ko, 2018. "Investigating the Effects of the Built Environment on PM 2.5 and PM 10 : A Case Study of Seoul Metropolitan City, South Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-11, December.
    6. Jan E. Szulejko & Adedeji A. Adelodun & Ki-Hyun Kim & J. W. Seo & Kowsalya Vellingiri & Eui-Chan Jeon & Jongki Hong & Richard J. C. Brown, 2018. "Short and Long-Term Temporal Changes in Air Quality in a Seoul Urban Area: The Weekday/Sunday Effect," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-12, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Shanyou Duan & Qian Liu & Dumei Jiang & Yulin Jiang & Yinzhi Lin & Ziying Gong, 2021. "Exploring the Joint Impacts of Natural and Built Environments on PM 2.5 Concentrations and Their Spatial Heterogeneity in the Context of High-Density Chinese Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-15, October.
    2. Sungwan Son & Aya Elkamhawy & Choon-Man Jang, 2022. "Active Soil Filter System for Indoor Air Purification in School Classrooms," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-16, November.
    3. Widya Liadira Kusuma & Wu Chih-Da & Zeng Yu-Ting & Handayani Hepi Hapsari & Jaelani Lalu Muhamad, 2019. "PM 2.5 Pollutant in Asia—A Comparison of Metropolis Cities in Indonesia and Taiwan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-12, December.
    4. Walter Dachaga & Walter Timo de Vries, 2021. "Land Tenure Security and Health Nexus: A Conceptual Framework for Navigating the Connections between Land Tenure Security and Health," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-21, March.
    5. Eunseo Shin & Yeeun Shin & Suyeon Kim & Sangwoo Lee & Kyungjin An, 2023. "Identifying Particulate Matter Variances Based on Environmental Contexts: Installing and Surveying Real-Time Measuring Sensors," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-15, April.
    6. Jong In Baek & Yong Un Ban, 2020. "The Impacts of Urban Air Pollution Emission Density on Air Pollutant Concentration Based on a Panel Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-26, October.
    7. Eunha Shin & Heungsoon Kim, 2019. "Benefit–Cost Analysis of Green Roof Initiative Projects: The Case of Jung-gu, Seoul," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-18, June.
    8. Shuang Liu & Xingchuan Yang & Fuzhou Duan & Wenji Zhao, 2022. "Changes in Air Quality and Drivers for the Heavy PM 2.5 Pollution on the North China Plain Pre- to Post-COVID-19," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-20, October.
    9. Chunyi Li & Yilan Huang & Huanhuan Guo & Gaojie Wu & Yifei Wang & Wei Li & Lijuan Cui, 2019. "The Concentrations and Removal Effects of PM 10 and PM 2.5 on a Wetland in Beijing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-15, March.
    10. Liadira Kusuma Widya & Chin-Yu Hsu & Hsiao-Yun Lee & Lalu Muhamad Jaelani & Shih-Chun Candice Lung & Huey-Jen Su & Chih-Da Wu, 2020. "Comparison of Spatial Modelling Approaches on PM 10 and NO 2 Concentration Variations: A Case Study in Surabaya City, Indonesia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-15, November.
    11. Heechul Kim & Sungjo Hong, 2021. "Differences in the Influence of Microclimate on Pedestrian Volume According to Land-Use," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-18, January.
    12. Jeongin Eum & Hyungkyoo Kim, 2021. "Effects of Air Pollution on Assaults: Findings from South Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-13, October.
    13. Hyemin Hwang & Jae Young Lee, 2022. "Impacts of COVID-19 on Air Quality through Traffic Reduction," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-12, February.
    14. Seunghoon Park & Dongwon Ko, 2020. "A Multilevel Model Approach for Investigating Individual Accident Characteristics and Neighborhood Environment Characteristics Affecting Pedestrian-Vehicle Crashes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-18, April.
    15. Aya Elkamhawy & Choon-Man Jang, 2020. "Performance Evaluation of Hybrid Air Purification System with Vegetation Soil and Electrostatic Precipitator Filters," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(13), pages 1-16, July.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:11:p:8599-:d:1155678. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.