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A Multilevel Model Approach for Investigating Individual Accident Characteristics and Neighborhood Environment Characteristics Affecting Pedestrian-Vehicle Crashes

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  • Seunghoon Park

    (Department of Urban Planning, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea)

  • Dongwon Ko

    (Gyeonggi Research Institute, Suwon 16207, Korea)

Abstract

Walking is the most basic movement of humans and the most fundamental mode of transportation. To promote walking, it is necessary to create a safe environment for pedestrians. However, pedestrian-vehicle crashes still remain relatively high in South Korea. This study employs a multilevel model to examine the differences between the lower-level individual characteristics of pedestrian crashes and the upper-level neighborhood environmental characteristics in Seoul, South Korea. The main results of this study are as follows. The individual characteristics of pedestrian-vehicle crashes are better at explaining pedestrian injury severity than built environment characteristics at the neighborhood level. Older pedestrians and drivers suffer more severe pedestrian injuries. Larger vehicles such as trucks and vans are more likely to result in a high severity of pedestrian injuries. Pedestrian injuries increase during inclement weather and at night. The severity of pedestrian injuries is lower at intersections and crosswalks without traffic signals than at crosswalks and intersections with traffic signals. Finally, school zones and silver zones, which are representative policies for pedestrian safety in South Korea, fail to play a significant role in reducing the severity of pedestrian injuries. The results of this study can guide policymakers and planners when making decisions on how to build neighborhoods that are safer for pedestrians.

Suggested Citation

  • Seunghoon Park & Dongwon Ko, 2020. "A Multilevel Model Approach for Investigating Individual Accident Characteristics and Neighborhood Environment Characteristics Affecting Pedestrian-Vehicle Crashes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-18, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:9:p:3107-:d:352020
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chia-Yuan Yu, 2015. "Built Environmental Designs in Promoting Pedestrian Safety," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(7), pages 1-17, July.
    2. Morency, P. & Gauvin, L. & Plante, C. & Fournier, M. & Morency, C., 2012. "Neighborhood social inequalities in road traffic injuries: The influence of traffic volume and road design," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 102(6), pages 1112-1119.
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    4. Seung-Hoon Park & Dong-Won Ko, 2018. "Investigating the Effects of the Built Environment on PM 2.5 and PM 10 : A Case Study of Seoul Metropolitan City, South Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-11, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Muhan Lv & Ningcheng Wang & Shenjun Yao & Jianping Wu & Lei Fang, 2021. "Towards Healthy Aging: Influence of the Built Environment on Elderly Pedestrian Safety at the Micro-Level," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-14, September.
    2. Kyunghee Lee & Jieun Hwang, 2022. "The Association between Comorbidities and Comorbid Injuries on Treatment Outcome in Pediatric and Elderly Patients with Injuries in Korea: An Observational Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-15, May.
    3. Bong Gu Kang & Byeong Soo Kim, 2023. "A Study on Cognitive Error Validation for LED In-Ground Traffic Lights Using a Digital Twin and Virtual Environment," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(17), pages 1-16, September.

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