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Microgrid Protection Using Magneto-Resistive Sensors and Superimposed Reactive Energy

Author

Listed:
  • Musfira Mehmood

    (US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Syed Basit Ali Bukhari

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad 13100, Pakistan)

  • Abdullah Altamimi

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
    Engineering and Applied Science Research Center, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia)

  • Zafar A. Khan

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur 10250, Pakistan)

  • Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi

    (US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Yousif

    (US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Dong Ryeol Shin

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Information and Communication Engineering (CICE), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea)

Abstract

The concept of microgrids has emerged as an effective way to integrate distributed energy resources (DERs) into distribution networks. The presence of DERs in microgrids leads to challenges in the formulation of protection for microgrids. Protection problems arise in a microgrid due to varying fault current levels in different operating scenarios. In order to overcome the practical challenges arising from varying fault current levels leading to short-circuit faults in microgrids, this paper proposes a MagnetoResistive (MR) sensors-based protection scheme, with fault localization through SuperimposedReactiveEnergy (SRE). The process is initiated by employing highly sensitive non-intrusive magnetic sensors to detect the magnetic field at each end of the distribution line. The magnetic field is then used to calculate the total harmonic distortion and thus detect faults in microgrids. After detection of faults, the proposed scheme uses SRE to identify faulty zones in microgrids. Finally, SI components of the current are extracted for fault classification. Extensive simulations on the International Electro-technical Commission (IEC) microgrid are performed in MATLAB/Simulink to validate the efficacy of the proposed scheme. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can effectively detect, classify and isolate different faults in microgrids, while operating under various modes with varying fault locations and resistances, with the efficiency of approximately 97–98%.

Suggested Citation

  • Musfira Mehmood & Syed Basit Ali Bukhari & Abdullah Altamimi & Zafar A. Khan & Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi & Muhammad Yousif & Dong Ryeol Shin, 2022. "Microgrid Protection Using Magneto-Resistive Sensors and Superimposed Reactive Energy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-28, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2022:i:1:p:599-:d:1019153
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Brearley, Belwin J. & Prabu, R. Raja, 2017. "A review on issues and approaches for microgrid protection," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 988-997.
    2. Noor Hussain & Mashood Nasir & Juan Carlos Vasquez & Josep M. Guerrero, 2020. "Recent Developments and Challenges on AC Microgrids Fault Detection and Protection Systems–A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-31, May.
    3. Shazia Baloch & Saeed Zaman Jamali & Khawaja Khalid Mehmood & Syed Basit Ali Bukhari & Muhammad Saeed Uz Zaman & Arif Hussain & Chul-Hwan Kim, 2020. "Microgrid Protection Strategy Based on the Autocorrelation of Current Envelopes Using the Squaring and Low-Pass Filtering Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-13, May.
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