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An Overview of Thermal Treatment Emissions with a Particular Focus on CO 2 Parameter

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  • Deborah Panepinto

    (DIATI, Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy)

  • Marco Ravina

    (DIATI, Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy)

  • Mariachiara Zanetti

    (DIATI, Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy)

Abstract

Waste-to-energy (WtE) technologies can offer sustainable solutions for waste that cannot be further reused or recycled, such as the part of municipal solid waste (MSW) that is not suitable for recycling processes. The two main (most widely used) thermal treatment technologies that can be applied to MSW are direct combustion in an incineration plant and gasification. This paper examines in particular the direct combustion in incineration plants, explaining the main process, the main technologies applied, and the resulting environmental aspects. Moreover, this work focuses on analyzing flue gas emissions from thermal treatment in order to better understand the impacts of these kinds of processes. A particular focus on the CO 2 parameter is performed. CO 2 is a persistent atmospheric gas, and it is one of the greenhouse gases (GHGs) potentially responsible for the climate change phenomenon. In this sense, specific indexes (tCO 2 /tMSW and tCO 2 /MWh) are elaborated considering the thermal treatment plants present in six Italian regions. The main aim of this review paper is to try to fill the gap that still exists regarding the emissions environmental compatibility coming from these type of plants, the evaluation of the amount of CO 2 emitted, and the possible reduction of the CO 2 parameter. One of the main outcome obtained is in fact the evaluation of the amount of CO 2 coming from these kinds of plants and some indications about the technological possibilities of reducing this amount.

Suggested Citation

  • Deborah Panepinto & Marco Ravina & Mariachiara Zanetti, 2022. "An Overview of Thermal Treatment Emissions with a Particular Focus on CO 2 Parameter," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-17, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:23:p:15852-:d:986908
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hossain, Md. Sanowar & Masuk, Nahid Imtiaz & Das, Barun K. & Das, Arnob & Kibria, Md. Golam & Chowdhury, Miftahul Mobin & Shozib, Imtiaz Ahmed, 2023. "Theoretical estimation of energy potential and environmental emissions mitigation for major livestock manure in Bangladesh," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C).

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