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Characterization and Thermal Behavior Study of Biomass from Invasive Acacia mangium Species in Brunei Preceding Thermochemical Conversion

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  • Ashfaq Ahmed

    (School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Korea
    Faculty of Integrated Technologies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link BE1410, Brunei
    Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Raiwind Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad S. Abu Bakar

    (Faculty of Integrated Technologies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link BE1410, Brunei)

  • Abdul Razzaq

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Raiwind Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Syarif Hidayat

    (Faculty of Integrated Technologies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link BE1410, Brunei)

  • Farrukh Jamil

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Raiwind Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Nadeem Amin

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, NFC-Institute of Engineering and Technology, Multan 60000, Pakistan)

  • Rahayu S. Sukri

    (Institute for Biodiversity and Environmental Research, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link BE 1410, Brunei)

  • Noor S. Shah

    (Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari 61100, Pakistan)

  • Young-Kwon Park

    (School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Korea)

Abstract

Acacia mangium is a widely grown tree species across the forests in Brunei Darussalam, posing a threat to the existence of some native species in Brunei Darussalam. These species produce large quantities of lignocellulosic biomass from the tree parts comprising the phyllodes, trunk, bark, twigs, pods, and branches. This study examined the thermochemical characteristics and pyrolytic conversion behavior of these tree parts to assess the possibility of valorization to yield bioenergy. Proximate, ultimate, heating value, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses were performed to assess the thermochemical characterization, while thermogravimetric analysis was conducted to examine the pyrolytic degradation behavior. Proximate analysis revealed a moisture content, volatile, fixed carbon, and ash contents of 7.88–11.65 wt.%, 69.82–74.85 wt.%, 14.47–18.31 wt.%, and 1.41–2.69 wt.%, respectively. The heating values of the samples were reported in a range of 19.51–21.58 MJ/kg on a dry moisture basis, with a carbon content in the range of 45.50–50.65 wt.%. The FTIR analysis confirmed the heterogeneous nature of the biomass samples with the presence of multiple functional groups. The pyrolytic thermal degradation of the samples occurred in three major stages from the removal of moisture and light extractives, hemicellulose and cellulose decomposition, and lignin decomposition. The bio-oil yield potential from the biomass samples was reported in the range of 40 to 58 wt.%, highlighting the potential of Acacia mangium biomass for the pyrolysis process.

Suggested Citation

  • Ashfaq Ahmed & Muhammad S. Abu Bakar & Abdul Razzaq & Syarif Hidayat & Farrukh Jamil & Muhammad Nadeem Amin & Rahayu S. Sukri & Noor S. Shah & Young-Kwon Park, 2021. "Characterization and Thermal Behavior Study of Biomass from Invasive Acacia mangium Species in Brunei Preceding Thermochemical Conversion," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-13, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:9:p:5249-:d:550380
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Łukasz Sobol & Karol Wolski & Adam Radkowski & Elżbieta Piwowarczyk & Maciej Jurkowski & Henryk Bujak & Arkadiusz Dyjakon, 2022. "Determination of Energy Parameters and Their Variability between Varieties of Fodder and Turf Grasses," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-19, September.
    3. João Moreira & Alan Carneiro & Diego Oliveira & Fernando Santos & Danielle Guerra & Manoel Nogueira & Hendrick Rocha & Félix Charvet & Luís Tarelho, 2022. "Thermochemical Properties for Valorization of Amazonian Biomass as Fuel," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-25, October.

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