IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v13y2021i8p4591-d539878.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Start-up Strategies for Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation (Anammox) in In-Situ Nitrogen Removal from Polluted Groundwater in Rare Earth Mining Areas

Author

Listed:
  • Shuanglei Huang

    (School of Resource, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China)

  • Daishe Wu

    (School of Resource, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China)

Abstract

The tremendous input of ammonium and rare earth element (REE) ions released by the enormous consumption of (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 in in situ leaching for ion-adsorption RE mining caused serious ground and surface water contamination. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) was a sustainable in situ technology that can reduce this nitrogen pollution. In this research, in situ, semi in situ, and ex situ method of inoculation that included low-concentration (0.02 mg·L −1 ) and high-concentration (0.10 mg·L −1 ) lanthanum (La)(III) were adopted to explore effective start-up strategies for starting up anammox reactors seeded with activated sludge and anammox sludge. The reactors were refrigerated for 30 days at 4 °C to investigate the effects of La(III) during a period of low-temperature. The results showed that the in situ and semi in situ enrichment strategies with the addition of La(III) at a low-concentration La(III) addition (0.02 mg·L −1 ) reduced the length of time required to reactivate the sludge until it reached a state of stable anammox activity and high nitrogen removal efficiency by 60–71 days. The addition of La(III) promoted the formation of sludge floc with a compact structure that enabled it to resist the adverse effects of low temperature and so to maintain a high abundance of AnAOB and microbacterial community diversity of sludge during refrigeration period. The addition of La(III) at a high concentration caused the cellular percentage of AnAOB to decrease from 54.60 ± 6.19% to 17.35 ± 6.69% during the enrichment and reduced nitrogen removal efficiency to an unrecoverable level to post-refrigeration.

Suggested Citation

  • Shuanglei Huang & Daishe Wu, 2021. "Start-up Strategies for Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation (Anammox) in In-Situ Nitrogen Removal from Polluted Groundwater in Rare Earth Mining Areas," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-17, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:8:p:4591-:d:539878
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/8/4591/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/8/4591/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Shuanglei Huang & Daishe Wu, 2020. "Responses of Anammox Granular Sludge to Long-Term Rare Earth Element Feeding: Lanthanum as a Case," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-18, September.
    2. Marc Strous & John A. Fuerst & Evelien H. M. Kramer & Susanne Logemann & Gerard Muyzer & Katinka T. van de Pas-Schoonen & Richard Webb & J. Gijs Kuenen & Mike S. M. Jetten, 1999. "Missing lithotroph identified as new planctomycete," Nature, Nature, vol. 400(6743), pages 446-449, July.
    3. Packey, Daniel J. & Kingsnorth, Dudley, 2016. "The impact of unregulated ionic clay rare earth mining in China," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 112-116.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Lin Li & Yaqi You & Krishna Pagilla, 2020. "Density-Based Separation of Microbial Functional Groups in Activated Sludge," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-16, January.
    2. Yuzhou Shen & Ruthann Moomy & Roderick G. Eggert, 2020. "China’s public policies toward rare earths, 1975–2018," Mineral Economics, Springer;Raw Materials Group (RMG);Luleå University of Technology, vol. 33(1), pages 127-151, July.
    3. Song, Ying & Bouri, Elie & Ghosh, Sajal & Kanjilal, Kakali, 2021. "Rare earth and financial markets: Dynamics of return and volatility connectedness around the COVID-19 outbreak," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    4. Yufeng Chen & Biao Zheng, 2019. "What Happens after the Rare Earth Crisis: A Systematic Literature Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-26, March.
    5. Brown, Maxwell & Eggert, Roderick, 2018. "Simulating producer responses to selected chinese rare earth policies," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 31-48.
    6. Morimoto, Shinichirou & Sanematsu, Kenzo & Ozaki, Kimihiro & Ozawa, Akito & Seo, Yuna, 2019. "Methodological study of evaluating the traceability of neodymium based on the global substance flow analysis and Monte Carlo simulation," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 1-1.
    7. Marc Schmid, 2021. "The Revised German Raw Materials Strategy in the Light of Global Political and Market Developments," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 38(1), pages 49-75, January.
    8. Ba, Bocar Samba & Combes-Motel, Pascale & Schwartz, Sonia, 2020. "Challenging pollution and the balance problem from rare earth extraction: how recycling and environmental taxation matter," Environment and Development Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 25(6), pages 634-656, December.
    9. Yuan Wei & Yue Jin & Wenjie Zhang, 2020. "Domestic Sewage Treatment Using a One-Stage ANAMMOX Process," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-14, May.
    10. Behnaz Minooei Fard & Willi Semmler & Giovanni Di Bartolomeo, 2023. "Rare Earth Elements: A game between China and the rest of the world," Working Papers in Public Economics 235, University of Rome La Sapienza, Department of Economics and Law.
    11. Lee, Yurim & Dacass, Tennecia, 2022. "Reducing the United States’ risks of dependency on China in the rare earth market," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    12. Jingxuan Geng & Han Hao & Xin Sun & Dengye Xun & Zongwei Liu & Fuquan Zhao, 2021. "Static material flow analysis of neodymium in China," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 25(1), pages 114-124, February.
    13. Marz, Waldemar & Pfeiffer, Johannes, 2023. "Fossil resource market power and capital markets," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 117(C).
    14. Paulick, Holger & Machacek, Erika, 2017. "The global rare earth element exploration boom: An analysis of resources outside of China and discussion of development perspectives," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 134-153.
    15. Tsung-Yueh Tsai & Wen-Yun Chen, 2022. "The Effect of Up-Flow Rate on the Nitrogen Treatment Efficiency and Sludge Characteristics of ANAMMOX Process with Up-Flow Anaerobic Sludge Bed Reactor," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-10, December.
    16. Liu He & Bai Gao & Xin Luo & Jimmy Jiao & Huanhuan Qin & Chunyan Zhang & Yihui Dong, 2018. "Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Surface Water near a Uranium Tailing Pond in Jiangxi Province, South China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-12, April.
    17. Schmid, Marc, 2019. "Mitigating supply risks through involvement in rare earth projects: Japan's strategies and what the US can learn," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 1-1.
    18. Yi, Jiahui & Dai, Sheng & Cheng, Jinhua & Wu, Qiaosheng & Liu, Kailei, 2021. "Production quota policy in China: Implications for sustainable supply capacity of critical minerals," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    19. Waldemar Marz, 2019. "Complex dimensions of climate policy: the role of political economy, capital markets, and urban form," ifo Beiträge zur Wirtschaftsforschung, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, number 85.
    20. Erika Machacek & Jessika Luth Richter & Ruth Lane, 2017. "Governance and Risk–Value Constructions in Closing Loops of Rare Earth Elements in Global Value Chains," Resources, MDPI, vol. 6(4), pages 1-25, October.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:8:p:4591-:d:539878. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.