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Biochar and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Play Different Roles in Enabling Maize to Uptake Phosphorus

Author

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  • Mengying Li

    (College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China)

  • Liqun Cai

    (College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
    Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid land Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China)

Abstract

The addition of biochar alters soil habitats and has an active effect on the symbiotic relationship between plants and mycorrhizal fungi. However, it is still unclear whether this effect alters the strategy of phosphorus uptake by plants. Therefore, pot experiments were conducted in order to investigate the effects of mycorrhizal colonization and biochar addition on plant growth, phosphorus absorption, and rhizosphere Olsen-P supply in maize under two moisture conditions—60% field water capacity (FWC) and 40% FWC. It was found that the addition of biochar increased the colonization rate of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and all the addition treatments significantly improved maize biomass, peroxidase (POD) activity, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate (Pn), plant height, leaf area, shoot phosphorus content, and phosphorus uptake by maize under the two moisture conditions. In addition, biochar had significant effects on root morphology under both water conditions, whereas AMF only showed significant effects under water stress. In contrast, phosphatase activity and microbial activity were higher in the AMF inoculation treatment than in the biochar addition treatment, and the trend was more significant under water stress. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that root morphology, rhizosphere microbial activity, phosphatase activity, available phosphorus content, and shoot phosphorus content had significant positive correlations. It was concluded that biochar aids plant uptake of phosphorus mainly by regulating root morphology and plant phosphorus content, whereas the large mycelium of AMF enhances microbial activity and phosphatase activity, thereby enabling more efficient phosphorus uptake by maize, especially under conditions of water stress.

Suggested Citation

  • Mengying Li & Liqun Cai, 2021. "Biochar and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Play Different Roles in Enabling Maize to Uptake Phosphorus," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-15, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:6:p:3244-:d:517610
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gholamhoseini, M. & Ghalavand, A. & Dolatabadian, A. & Jamshidi, E. & Khodaei-Joghan, A., 2013. "Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation on growth, yield, nutrient uptake and irrigation water productivity of sunflowers grown under drought stress," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 106-114.
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    1. Rita Biasi & Elena Brunori & Silvia Vanino & Alessandra Bernardini & Alessia Catalani & Roberta Farina & Antonio Bruno & Gabriele Chilosi, 2023. "Soil–Plant Interaction Mediated by Indigenous AMF in Grafted and Own-Rooted Grapevines under Field Conditions," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-13, May.
    2. Ahmad Numery Ashfaqul Haque & Md. Kamal Uddin & Muhammad Firdaus Sulaiman & Adibah Mohd Amin & Mahmud Hossain & Zakaria M. Solaiman & Mehnaz Mosharrof, 2022. "Rice Growth Performance, Nutrient Use Efficiency and Changes in Soil Properties Influenced by Biochar under Alternate Wetting and Drying Irrigation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-19, June.
    3. Mulyadi & Ligeng Jiang, 2023. "The Combined Application of Biochar and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Enhanced the Physical and Chemical Properties of Soil and Rice Productivity in Indonesia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-17, June.
    4. Sajjad Nasiri & Babak Andalibi & Afshin Tavakoli & Mohammad Amir Delavar & Ali El-Keblawy & Lukas Van Zwieten & Andrea Mastinu, 2023. "The Mineral Biochar Alters the Biochemical and Microbial Properties of the Soil and the Grain Yield of Hordeum vulgare L. under Drought Stress," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-15, February.

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