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Simulation and Optimization of Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Food Waste with Palm Oil Mill Effluent for Biogas Production

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  • Jasmine Sie Ming Tiong

    (Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih 43500, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Yi Jing Chan

    (Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih 43500, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Jun Wei Lim

    (HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia)

  • Mardawani Mohamad

    (Faculty of Bioengineering and Technology, Jeli Campus, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli 17600, Kelantan, Malaysia)

  • Chii-Dong Ho

    (Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tamkang University, Tamsui, New Taipei 251, Taiwan)

  • Anisa Ur Rahmah

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta 57162, Central Java, Indonesia)

  • Worapon Kiatkittipong

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand)

  • Wipoo Sriseubsai

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand)

  • Izumi Kumakiri

    (Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan)

Abstract

Food waste (FW) utilized as substrate for anaerobic digestion (AD) to produce biogas is promising. Simultaneously, waste is handled and value-added products such as biogas and fertilizer are produced. Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is used as the co-substrate. This study aims to simulate the complete process flow of anaerobic co-digestion (AcoD), consisting of pre-treatment of feedstock, biogas upgrading, wastewater treatment and sludge dying using SuperPro Designer. Parameters, namely hydraulic retention time (HRT), recycle ratio of sludge, water to FW ratio (kg/kg) and co-substrate to FW ratio (kg/kg), would affect the performance of digester. The optimization of these parameters is performed using Design-Expert software, involving response surface methodology (RSM). The effects on responses such as methane flow, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and volatile solid (VS) removal efficiencies are analyzed. In treating 25,000 kg/h of feed, the optimized values for HRT, recycle ratio, water to feedstock ratio, POME to FW ratio are 37.2 days, 0.381, 0.027 and 0.004, respectively. The methane yield is 0.30 L CH 4 /g of COD removed, with COD and VS removal efficiencies of 81.5% and 68.9%, respectively. The project is profitable, with a payback period of 6.14 years and net present value (NPV) of $5,680,000. A comprehensive understanding of AD matures it for commercialization purposes.

Suggested Citation

  • Jasmine Sie Ming Tiong & Yi Jing Chan & Jun Wei Lim & Mardawani Mohamad & Chii-Dong Ho & Anisa Ur Rahmah & Worapon Kiatkittipong & Wipoo Sriseubsai & Izumi Kumakiri, 2021. "Simulation and Optimization of Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Food Waste with Palm Oil Mill Effluent for Biogas Production," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-22, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:24:p:13665-:d:699455
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    1. Ng, Denny K.S. & Wong, Sarah L.X. & Andiappan, Viknesh & Ng, Lik Yin, 2023. "Mathematical optimisation for sustainable bio-methane (Bio-CH4) production from palm oil mill effluent (POME)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 265(C).

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