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Associations among Outdoor Playtime, Screen Time, and Environmental Factors in Japanese Preschoolers: The ‘Eat, Be Active, and Sleep Well’ Study

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  • Qiang Wang

    (College of Sports Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China)

  • Jiameng Ma

    (Faculty of Physical Education, Sendai University, Shibata-machi 9891693, Japan)

  • Kenji Harada

    (Faculty of Physical Education, Sendai University, Shibata-machi 9891693, Japan)

  • Shiho Kobayashi

    (Faculty of Preschool Education, Osaka Seikei College, Osaka 5330007, Japan)

  • Hiroko Sano

    (Faculty of Humans Sciences, Sendai Shirayuri Women’s College, Sendai 9813107, Japan)

  • Hyunshik Kim

    (Faculty of Physical Education, Sendai University, Shibata-machi 9891693, Japan)

Abstract

This cross-sectional study investigated regional differences in outdoor playtime and screen time among preschool-age children in Japan, and their associations with environmental factors, in order to identify the modifiable determinants of the differences between urban and rural areas. Data were obtained from the “Eat, be active, and sleep well” study. Children from three ( n = 872) and five ( n = 744) kindergartens in urban and rural regions of Japan, respectively, who completed a questionnaire survey, were sampled. Finally, data from 1128 participants (age: 3–5 years) were analyzed. To assess the environmental factors, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used for neighborhood environments; the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire was used for physical home environments; and a three-item questionnaire was used for sociocultural environments. Outdoor activity was significantly associated with items related to the mother’s sedentary time and the number of siblings/friends in both urban and rural regions. Screen time was associated with the mother’s screen time, television in the room, and esthetic qualities, which were consistent between urban and rural regions, while screen time was associated with night-time crime rates and traffic in the urban region. Our study further bolsters evidence suggesting that outdoor playtime and screen time are strongly associated with various environmental factors among Japanese preschool-age children.

Suggested Citation

  • Qiang Wang & Jiameng Ma & Kenji Harada & Shiho Kobayashi & Hiroko Sano & Hyunshik Kim, 2021. "Associations among Outdoor Playtime, Screen Time, and Environmental Factors in Japanese Preschoolers: The ‘Eat, Be Active, and Sleep Well’ Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-13, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:22:p:12499-:d:677802
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. repec:mpr:mprres:4373 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Hu, Bi Ying & Johnson, Gregory Kirk & Wu, Huiping, 2018. "Screen time relationship of Chinese parents and their children," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 659-669.
    3. repec:mpr:mprres:3903 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Kevin Krizek & Amanda Birnbaum & David Levinson, 2004. "A Schematic for Focusing on Youth in Investigations of Community Design and Physical Activity," Working Papers 200408, University of Minnesota: Nexus Research Group.
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    Cited by:

    1. Qiang Wang & Hongzhi Guo & Sitong Chen & Jiameng Ma & Hyunshik Kim, 2022. "The Association of Body Mass Index and Fat Mass with Health-Related Physical Fitness among Chinese Schoolchildren: A Study Using a Predictive Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-11, December.
    2. Hongzhi Guo & Jiameng Ma & Terence Buan Kiong Chua & Lee Yong Tay & Michael Yong Hwa Chia & Hyunshik Kim, 2022. "Associations between Parents’ Digital Media Habits, Engagement, Awareness, and Movement Guidelines among Preschool-Age Children: International Ipreschooler Surveillance Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-13, August.

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