IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v13y2021i12p6909-d577694.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

CO 2 Emissions Reduction Measures for RO-RO Vessels on Non-Profitable Coastal Liner Passenger Transport

Author

Listed:
  • Sandro Vidas

    (Croatian Shipowners’ Association Mare Nostrum, Avenija V. Holjevca 20, 10020 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Marijan Cukrov

    (Cluster of Intermodal Transport, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia)

  • Valentina Šutalo

    (Faculty of Maritime Studies, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia)

  • Smiljko Rudan

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

Abstract

Reducing CO 2 emissions from ships in unprofitable coastline transport using electricity and hydrogen has potential for island development to improve transport and protect biodiversity and nature. New technologies are a challenge for shipping companies and their introduction should be accompanied by a system of state aid for alternative energy sources. The energy requirements of an electric ferry for a route of up to 6 km were considered, as well as the amount of hydrogen needed to generate the electricity required to charge the ferry batteries to enable a state aid scheme. For a daily ferry operation, a specific fuel consumption of 60.6 g/kWh of liquid hydrogen is required in the system fuel cell with a total of 342.69 kg of hydrogen. Compared to marine diesel, the use of electric ferries leads to a reduction of CO 2 emissions by up to 90%, including significantly lower NOx, Sox, and particulate matter (PM) emissions, and operating costs by up to 80%.

Suggested Citation

  • Sandro Vidas & Marijan Cukrov & Valentina Šutalo & Smiljko Rudan, 2021. "CO 2 Emissions Reduction Measures for RO-RO Vessels on Non-Profitable Coastal Liner Passenger Transport," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-15, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:12:p:6909-:d:577694
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/12/6909/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/12/6909/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hannah Mareike Marczinkowski & Poul Alberg Østergaard & Søren Roth Djørup, 2019. "Transitioning Island Energy Systems—Local Conditions, Development Phases, and Renewable Energy Integration," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-20, September.
    2. Elizabeth Lindstad & Agathe Rialland, 2020. "LNG and Cruise Ships, an Easy Way to Fulfil Regulations—Versus the Need for Reducing GHG Emissions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-15, March.
    3. Elizabeth Lindstad & Henning Borgen & Gunnar S. Eskeland & Christopher Paalson & Harilaos Psaraftis & Osman Turan, 2019. "The Need to Amend IMO’s EEDI to Include a Threshold for Performance in Waves (Realistic Sea Conditions) to Achieve the Desired GHG Reductions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(13), pages 1-17, July.
    4. Reham Alhindawi & Yousef Abu Nahleh & Arun Kumar & Nirajan Shiwakoti, 2020. "Projection of Greenhouse Gas Emissions for the Road Transport Sector Based on Multivariate Regression and the Double Exponential Smoothing Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-18, November.
    5. Bundhoo, Zumar M.A., 2018. "Renewable energy exploitation in the small island developing state of Mauritius: Current practice and future potential," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 2029-2038.
    6. Elizabeth Lindstad & Gunnar S. Eskeland & Agathe Rialland & Anders Valland, 2020. "Decarbonizing Maritime Transport: The Importance of Engine Technology and Regulations for LNG to Serve as a Transition Fuel," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-21, October.
    7. Andrea A. Eras-Almeida & Miguel A. Egido-Aguilera & Philipp Blechinger & Sarah Berendes & Estefanía Caamaño & Enrique García-Alcalde, 2020. "Decarbonizing the Galapagos Islands: Techno-Economic Perspectives for the Hybrid Renewable Mini-Grid Baltra–Santa Cruz," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-47, March.
    8. Sadia Anwar & Muhammad Yousuf Irfan Zia & Muhammad Rashid & Gerardo Zarazua de Rubens & Peter Enevoldsen, 2020. "Towards Ferry Electrification in the Maritime Sector," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-22, December.
    9. van der Waal, Esther C., 2020. "Local impact of community renewable energy: A case study of an Orcadian community-led wind scheme," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    10. Patrizia Serra & Gianfranco Fancello, 2020. "Towards the IMO’s GHG Goals: A Critical Overview of the Perspectives and Challenges of the Main Options for Decarbonizing International Shipping," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-32, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Vinicius Andrade dos Santos & Patrícia Pereira da Silva & Luís Manuel Ventura Serrano, 2022. "The Maritime Sector and Its Problematic Decarbonization: A Systematic Review of the Contribution of Alternative Fuels," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-30, May.
    2. Monica Grosso & Fabio Luis Marques dos Santos & Konstantinos Gkoumas & Marcin Stępniak & Ferenc Pekár, 2021. "The Role of Research and Innovation in Europe for the Decarbonisation of Waterborne Transport," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-21, September.
    3. Sofiane Laribi & Emmanuel Guy, 2020. "Promoting LNG as A Marine Fuel in Norway: Reflections on the Role of Global Regulations on Local Transition Niches," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-17, November.
    4. Saleh Aseel & Hussein Al-Yafei & Murat Kucukvar & Nuri C. Onat, 2021. "Life Cycle Air Emissions and Social Human Health Impact Assessment of Liquified Natural Gas Maritime Transport," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-19, September.
    5. Mohamad Issa & Adrian Ilinca & Fahed Martini, 2022. "Ship Energy Efficiency and Maritime Sector Initiatives to Reduce Carbon Emissions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-37, October.
    6. Henning Meschede & Paul Bertheau & Siavash Khalili & Christian Breyer, 2022. "A review of 100% renewable energy scenarios on islands," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 11(6), November.
    7. Hogan, Jessica L. & Warren, Charles R. & Simpson, Michael & McCauley, Darren, 2022. "What makes local energy projects acceptable? Probing the connection between ownership structures and community acceptance," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C).
    8. Østergaard, P.A. & Lund, H. & Thellufsen, J.Z. & Sorknæs, P. & Mathiesen, B.V., 2022. "Review and validation of EnergyPLAN," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    9. Michel Noussan & Edoardo Campisi & Matteo Jarre, 2022. "Carbon Intensity of Passenger Transport Modes: A Review of Emission Factors, Their Variability and the Main Drivers," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-16, August.
    10. Prince Waqas Khan & Yung-Cheol Byun & Sang-Joon Lee & Dong-Ho Kang & Jin-Young Kang & Hae-Su Park, 2020. "Machine Learning-Based Approach to Predict Energy Consumption of Renewable and Nonrenewable Power Sources," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-16, September.
    11. Derkenbaeva, Erkinai & Halleck Vega, Solmaria & Hofstede, Gert Jan & van Leeuwen, Eveline, 2022. "Positive energy districts: Mainstreaming energy transition in urban areas," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 153(C).
    12. Tianhao Shao & Weijie Du & Yun Ye & Haoqing Li & Jingxin Dong & Guiyun Liu & Pengjun Zheng, 2024. "A Novel Virtual Arrival Optimization Method for Traffic Organization Scenarios," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-17, January.
    13. V. Sruthy & P. K. Preetha, 2024. "Implementation and operational feasibility of an offshore floating charging station for sustainable marine transportation," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 26(8), pages 20931-20962, August.
    14. Orestis Schinas & Niklas Bergmann, 2021. "The Short-Term Cost of Greening the Global Fleet," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-32, August.
    15. Kalim U. Shah & Sashwat Roy & Wei-Ming Chen & Keron Niles & Dinesh Surroop, 2020. "Application of an Institutional Assessment and Design (IAD)-Enhanced Integrated Regional Energy Policy and Planning (IREPP) Framework to Island States," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-20, April.
    16. Ejder, Emir & Dinçer, Samet & Arslanoglu, Yasin, 2024. "Decarbonization strategies in the maritime industry: An analysis of dual-fuel engine performance and the carbon intensity indicator," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).
    17. Raghoo, Pravesh & Surroop, Dinesh, 2020. "Price and income elasticities of oil demand in Mauritius: An empirical analysis using cointegration method," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    18. Önder Çağlayan & Murat Aymelek, 2024. "An Integrated Multi-Criteria Decision Support Model for Sustainable Ship Queuing Policy Application via Vessel Traffic Service (VTS)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-33, May.
    19. Suneet Singh & Ashish Dwivedi & Saurabh Pratap, 2023. "Sustainable Maritime Freight Transportation: Current Status and Future Directions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-23, April.
    20. Ghaforian Masodzadeh, Peyman & Ölçer, Aykut I. & Ballini, Fabio & Christodoulou, Anastasia, 2022. "How to bridge the short-term measures to the Market Based Measure? Proposal of a new hybrid MBM based on a new standard in ship operation," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 123-142.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:12:p:6909-:d:577694. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.