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Spatiotemporal Differentiation of Coupling and Coordination Relationship of Tourism–Urbanization–Ecological Environment System in China’s Major Tourist Cities

Author

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  • Xia Xie

    (College of Tourism, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830049, China
    Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Xinjiang’s Historical and Cultural Tourism, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China)

  • Hui Sun

    (College of Tourism, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830049, China
    Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Xinjiang’s Historical and Cultural Tourism, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China)

  • Jun Gao

    (College of Tourism, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830049, China
    Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Xinjiang’s Historical and Cultural Tourism, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
    School of Tourism Management, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China)

  • Feifei Chen

    (College of Tourism, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830049, China
    Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Xinjiang’s Historical and Cultural Tourism, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China)

  • Chunshan Zhou

    (School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China)

Abstract

Determining the coupling development mode and evolution process of the tourism–urbanization–ecological environment system is of great significance in promoting high-quality and sustainable development of tourism and the urban economy. In this study, an evaluation index system of the tourism–urbanization–ecological environment system was established, and the spatiotemporal differentiation of the coupling and coordination relationship of the tourism–urbanization–ecological environment system was analyzed for 35 major tourist cities in China from 2009 to 2018. The results show that the comprehensive development indices of the tourism industry subsystem and urbanization subsystem of China’s major tourist cities have steadily increased. The comprehensive development indices of large-sized and medium-sized cities in the east are relatively high. From 2009 to 2018, the coordination degree and coupling degree of the tourism–urbanization–ecological environment’ system of 35 tourist cities showed an upward trend. The growth rate of the coupling coordination degree lags behind the growth rate of the coupling degree, and the overall system coordination level is still low. There are significant differences in the coupling degree and coupling coordination degree among the eastern, central, and western cities. This study offers both theoretical and practical implications for further equalizing the development level between the cities, as well as improving the overall coordination between the tourism industry, urbanization, and the ecological environment in China.

Suggested Citation

  • Xia Xie & Hui Sun & Jun Gao & Feifei Chen & Chunshan Zhou, 2021. "Spatiotemporal Differentiation of Coupling and Coordination Relationship of Tourism–Urbanization–Ecological Environment System in China’s Major Tourist Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-17, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:11:p:5867-:d:560600
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Junsheng Liu & Cui Li & Jinqing Tao & Yaofeng Ma & Xiaojin Wen, 2019. "Spatiotemporal Coupling Factors and Mode of Tourism Industry, Urbanization and Ecological Environment: A Case Study of Shaanxi, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(18), pages 1-22, September.
    2. Piotr Zmyślony & Joanna Kowalczyk-Anioł & Monika Dembińska, 2020. "Deconstructing the Overtourism-Related Social Conflicts," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-26, February.
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    2. Qian Cheng & Zhongheng Luo & Ling Xiang, 2021. "Spatiotemporal Differentiation of Coupling and Coordination Relationship of the Tea Industry–Tourism–Ecological Environment System in Fujian Province, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-19, September.
    3. Xia Xie & Lei Zhang & Hui Sun & Feifei Chen & Chunshan Zhou, 2021. "Spatiotemporal Difference Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Tourism Urbanization in China’s Major Tourist Cities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-21, October.
    4. Meijuan Hu & Zaijun Li & Bing Hou, 2023. "The Influencing Effect of Tourism Economy on Green Development Efficiency in the Yangtze River Delta," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-18, January.
    5. Xingyu Yang & Fengtai Zhang & Yuedong Xiao & Youzhi An & Caixia Jiang & Hongmei Tan & Guofang Gong, 2023. "Coupling and interaction between tourism eco-efficiency and new urbanization in the Yangtze River Economic Belt: based on the perspective of uncoupling coordination," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(11), pages 13171-13197, November.
    6. Yuwei He & Hui Zhang, 2021. "Comprehensive Evaluation of the Provincial Sustainable Tourismization Level in China and Its Temporal and Spatial Differences," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-31, September.
    7. Zhijun Chen & Suting Zhao & Meiju Wu, 2023. "Coupling Coordination and Spatial Evolution of Sustainable Tourism-Innovation-Environment System: Evidence in China," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(4), pages 21582440231, October.
    8. Taolin Liu & Chao Ren & Shengguo Zhang & Anchao Yin & Weiting Yue, 2022. "Coupling Coordination Analysis of Urban Development and Ecological Environment in Urban Area of Guilin Based on Multi-Source Data," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-19, October.
    9. Xianlei Dong & Shan Gao & Airong Xu & Zhikun Luo & Beibei Hu, 2022. "Research on Tourism Carrying Capacity and the Coupling Coordination Relationships between Its Influencing Factors: A Case Study of China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-28, November.
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    11. Jiayuan Wang & Lin Yi & Lingling Chen & Yanbing Hou & Qi Zhang & Xuming Yang, 2024. "Coupling and Coordination between Tourism, the Environment and Carbon Emissions in the Tibetan Plateau," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-20, April.
    12. Chong Ye & Jiawei Pi & Hanqi Chen, 2022. "Coupling Coordination Development of the Logistics Industry, New Urbanization and the Ecological Environment in the Yangtze River Economic Belt," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-24, April.
    13. Anubandh Hambarde & Kiran Shinde, 2024. "Tourism Urbanisation in Metropolitan Fringe: Insights from the Tourist City of Lavasa in Pune, India," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-19, January.

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