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Cover Crop Impact on Soil Organic Carbon, Nitrogen Dynamics and Microbial Diversity in a Mediterranean Semiarid Vineyard

Author

Listed:
  • Agata Novara

    (Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Valentina Catania

    (Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, STEBICEF, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Marco Tolone

    (Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Luciano Gristina

    (Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Vito Armando Laudicina

    (Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Paola Quatrini

    (Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, STEBICEF, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

Abstract

Cover crop (CC) management in vineyards increases sustainability by improving soil chemical and biological fertility, but knowledge on its effects in semiarid soils is lacking. This study evaluated the effect of leguminous CC management on soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration, soil nitrate content and microbial diversity in a semiarid vineyard, in comparison to conventional tillage (CT). SOC and nitrate were monitored during vine-growing season; soil respiration, determined by incubation experiments, microbial biomass and diversity was analyzed after CC burial. The microbial diversity was evaluated by bacterial and fungal automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (ARISA) and high-throughput sequencing of 16SrDNA. CC increased nitrate content and, although it had no relevant effect on SOC, almost doubled its active microbial component, which contributes to SOC stabilization. An unexpected stability of the microbial communities under different soil managements was assessed, fungal diversity being slightly enhanced under CT while bacterial diversity increased under CC. The complete nitrifying genus Nitrospira and plant growth-promoting genera were increased under CC, while desiccation-tolerant genera were abundant in CT. Findings showed that temporary CC applied in semiarid vineyards does not optimize the provided ecosystem services, hence a proper management protocol for dry environments should be set up.

Suggested Citation

  • Agata Novara & Valentina Catania & Marco Tolone & Luciano Gristina & Vito Armando Laudicina & Paola Quatrini, 2020. "Cover Crop Impact on Soil Organic Carbon, Nitrogen Dynamics and Microbial Diversity in a Mediterranean Semiarid Vineyard," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-18, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:8:p:3256-:d:346696
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    1. Holger Daims & Elena V. Lebedeva & Petra Pjevac & Ping Han & Craig Herbold & Mads Albertsen & Nico Jehmlich & Marton Palatinszky & Julia Vierheilig & Alexandr Bulaev & Rasmus H. Kirkegaard & Martin vo, 2015. "Complete nitrification by Nitrospira bacteria," Nature, Nature, vol. 528(7583), pages 504-509, December.
    2. Cynthia M. Kallenbach & Serita D. Frey & A. Stuart Grandy, 2016. "Direct evidence for microbial-derived soil organic matter formation and its ecophysiological controls," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 7(1), pages 1-10, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Clara Melguizo & Belén Patiño & Antonio J. Ramos & Covadonga Vázquez & Jéssica Gil-Serna, 2023. "Reconsidering the Co-Occurrence of Aspergillus flavus in Spanish Vineyards and Aflatoxins in Grapes," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-12, October.
    2. Artemi Cerdà & Jesús Rodrigo-Comino, 2021. "Regional Farmers’ Perception and Societal Issues in Vineyards Affected by High Erosion Rates," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-18, February.

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