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Determining Food Security in Crisis Conditions: A Comparative Analysis of the Western Balkans and the EU

Author

Listed:
  • Bojan Matkovski

    (Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness, Faculty of Economics in Subotica, University of Novi Sad, 24000 Subotica, Serbia)

  • Danilo Đokić

    (Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness, Faculty of Economics in Subotica, University of Novi Sad, 24000 Subotica, Serbia)

  • Stanislav Zekić

    (Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness, Faculty of Economics in Subotica, University of Novi Sad, 24000 Subotica, Serbia)

  • Žana Jurjević

    (Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness, Faculty of Economics in Subotica, University of Novi Sad, 24000 Subotica, Serbia)

Abstract

The right to food is a fundamental one, and the optimization between human needs and available resources is a challenge in all countries. The main goal of this study is to find the factors that determine food security and to determine the level of food security in the Western Balkans while undergoing the process of European Union (EU) integration. In order to achieve this, four Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) dimensions of food security are analyzed: stability, availability, access, and utilization. The Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations (PROMETHEE) method is then used to rank Western Balkan and EU countries according to food security. The results show a significant difference among these countries in terms of their levels of food security, which is a consequence of Western Balkan countries’ significant lag in economic development in comparison to the EU. Although the level of food security in Western Balkan countries is lower than in EU countries, it is not endangered. However, it can become endangered under crisis conditions (like the COVID-19 pandemic). The main reasons for this discrepancy are high food supply variability, dependence on cereal import, and lower Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita in these countries than in EU.

Suggested Citation

  • Bojan Matkovski & Danilo Đokić & Stanislav Zekić & Žana Jurjević, 2020. "Determining Food Security in Crisis Conditions: A Comparative Analysis of the Western Balkans and the EU," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-16, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:23:p:9924-:d:452166
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Jozef Palkovič, 2024. "Unravelling the European food security puzzle: exploring determinants and constructing a comprehensive measure," Eurasian Economic Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 14(4), pages 847-871, December.
    3. Brankov, Tatjana & Matkovski, Bojan & Jeremić, Marija & Đurić, Ivan, 2021. "Food self-sufficiency of the SEE countries: Is the region prepared for a future crisis?," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 13(16).
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    5. Đokić, Danilo & Matkovski, Bojan & Jeremić, Marija & Đurić, Ivan, 2022. "Land productivity and agri-environmental indicators: A case study of Western Balkans," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 11(12), pages 1-13.
    6. Danilo Đokić & Bojan Matkovski & Marija Jeremić & Ivan Đurić, 2022. "Land Productivity and Agri-Environmental Indicators: A Case Study of Western Balkans," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-13, December.
    7. Tatjana Brankov & Bojan Matkovski & Marija Jeremić & Ivan Đurić, 2021. "Food Self-Sufficiency of the SEE Countries; Is the Region Prepared for a Future Crisis?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-20, August.
    8. Eva Matejková & Mária Májek & Artan Qineti & Zlata Sojková, 2024. "Comparative analysis of European Union countries based on selected aspects of food security," Agricultural Economics, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 70(6), pages 265-278.

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