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Indicators for Post-Disaster Search and Rescue Efficiency Developed Using Progressive Death Tolls

Author

Listed:
  • Yen-Yu Chiu

    (Department of Soil and Water Conservation, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan)

  • Hiroshi Omura

    (Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan)

  • Hung-En Chen

    (NCKU Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering R&D Foundation, Tainan 70499, Taiwan)

  • Su-Chin Chen

    (Department of Soil and Water Conservation, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
    Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan)

Abstract

Search and rescue (SAR) is often the focus during the post-disaster response phase. It is operated under the principle of the “golden 72 h”; however, the actual efficiency of each operation lacks a standard for review. On the basis of continuously updated death toll data during the SAR cases of 51 earthquakes and 10 rainfall-induced disasters, this study developed indicators corresponding to various death tolls for reviewing the time costs and the progress of different stages of SAR. Through analysis of the established indicators, the results showed that said indicators are capable of evaluating the efficiency of SAR. These indicators also revealed that earthquake cases, with or without serious secondary disasters (e.g., tsunamis), significantly affected SAR efficiency. The regression results showed that the SAR efficiency of rainfall-induced disasters is much lower than that of earthquake disasters. Additionally, it was shown that the first casualty reports are typically late and that SAR works last a long time, highlighting the difficulty and possible delay of SAR works during rainfall-induced disasters. Previous studies and analyses might have been able to make subjective descriptions of each SAR operation; however, this study quantitatively indicates the difference between actual and expected efficiency under specific death tolls.

Suggested Citation

  • Yen-Yu Chiu & Hiroshi Omura & Hung-En Chen & Su-Chin Chen, 2020. "Indicators for Post-Disaster Search and Rescue Efficiency Developed Using Progressive Death Tolls," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-14, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:19:p:8262-:d:424763
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yingchun Li & Zhongliang Wu & Yizhe Zhao, 2011. "Estimating the number of casualties in earthquakes from early field reports and improving the estimate with time," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 56(3), pages 699-708, March.
    2. Tony K. Quon & Jan A. Laube, 1991. "Do Faster Rescues Save More Lives," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 11(2), pages 291-301, June.
    3. Jun Yang & Jinhong Chen & Huiliang Liu & Jingchen Zheng, 2014. "Comparison of two large earthquakes in China: the 2008 Sichuan Wenchuan Earthquake and the 2013 Sichuan Lushan Earthquake," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 73(2), pages 1127-1136, September.
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