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Effect of Work Environment on Presenteeism among Aging American Workers: The Moderated Mediating Effect of Cynical Hostility

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  • Jianwei Deng

    (School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
    Sustainable Development Research Institute for Economy and Society of Beijing, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Zhennan Wu

    (School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
    Sustainable Development Research Institute for Economy and Society of Beijing, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Tianan Yang

    (School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
    Sustainable Development Research Institute for Economy and Society of Beijing, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Yunfei Cao

    (School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
    Sustainable Development Research Institute for Economy and Society of Beijing, Beijing 100081, China
    Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Zhenjiao Chen

    (School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
    Sustainable Development Research Institute for Economy and Society of Beijing, Beijing 100081, China)

Abstract

Cynical hostility in the workplace has been studied. However, there is still no complete study examining how cynical hostility affects work performance. We examined how work environment impacts presenteeism through the mediation of cynical hostility and how chronic work discrimination moderates the relationship between work environment and cynical hostility among ageing workforces. The psychosocial vulnerability model supplies theoretical support for our model. We analyzed data from a sample of 2926 aging workforces from the Health and Retirement Study. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the relationships with a moderated mediation model. In the final SEM model, our results showed that work environment was directly negatively associated with presenteeism. Moreover, cynical hostility was significantly inversely correlated with work environment and positively correlated with presenteeism. We found that the significant indirect effect between work environment and presenteeism can be significantly mediated by cynical hostility. In addition, cynical hostility is more likely to be affected by work environment among ageing workforces with lower levels of chronic work discrimination than those with higher levels. Enterprise, government, and employees themselves should be aware of the impact of presenteeism on ageing workforces with high levels of cynical hostility.

Suggested Citation

  • Jianwei Deng & Zhennan Wu & Tianan Yang & Yunfei Cao & Zhenjiao Chen, 2020. "Effect of Work Environment on Presenteeism among Aging American Workers: The Moderated Mediating Effect of Cynical Hostility," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(13), pages 1-14, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:13:p:5314-:d:378871
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bhui, K. & Stansfeld, S. & McKenzie, K. & Karlsen, S. & Nazroo, J. & Weich, S., 2005. "Racial/ethnic discrimination and common mental disorders among workers: Findings from the EMPIRIC study of ethnic minority groups in the United Kingdom," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 95(3), pages 496-501.
    2. King, Katherine, 2012. "Aggravating conditions: Cynical hostility and neighborhood ambient stressors," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 75(12), pages 2258-2266.
    3. Hansen, Claus D. & Andersen, Johan H., 2008. "Going ill to work - What personal circumstances, attitudes and work-related factors are associated with sickness presenteeism?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 67(6), pages 956-964, September.
    4. Darity Jr., W.A., 2003. "Employment discrimination, segregation, and health," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 93(2), pages 226-231.
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    Cited by:

    1. Cristina Gagliardi & Giovanni Lamura, 2021. "Special Issue on “Advances in Socio-Economic Research on Ageing”," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-6, June.

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