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Selection Criteria for Drought-Tolerant Bread Wheat Genotypes at Seedling Stage

Author

Listed:
  • Hafiz Ghulam Muhu-Din Ahmed

    (Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sub Campus Burewala-Vehari, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab 38000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Sajjad

    (Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Park Road, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan)

  • Mingju Li

    (Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China)

  • Muhammad Abubakkar Azmat

    (Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sub Campus Burewala-Vehari, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab 38000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Rizwan

    (Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sub Campus Burewala-Vehari, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab 38000, Pakistan)

  • Rana Haroon Maqsood

    (Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sub Campus Burewala-Vehari, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab 38000, Pakistan)

  • Sultan Habibullah Khan

    (Center of agricultural biotechnology and biochemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab 38000, Pakistan)

Abstract

Diminishing water resources as a result of excessive use of water for irrigation and climate change posture a severe global threat to food security. Herein, an experiment was conducted to determine the selection criteria for drought-tolerant bread wheat genotypes at the seedling stage using morphological and photosynthetic pigmentation-related traits. A panel of 105 wheat landraces, historical Pakistani varieties, and advance breeding lines were evaluated under normal and drought stress using factorial completely randomized design. The root length, fresh weight, dry weight, cell membrane thermo-stability, and chlorophyll b were positively correlated among themselves under both normal and stress conditions. Hence, selection of any one of these traits enhances the performance of other traits. The shoot length was non-significant and negatively associated with all other studied characters except relative water content. The results suggested that selection for shoot length could not improve genetic gain for drought tolerance. Out of 10 principal components (PCs), the first three PCs were showed significant genetic variation under both conditions. The first three PCs showed 74.6% and 76% cumulative genetic variation under normal and drought conditions, respectively. Based on PCA, 10 drought-tolerant and five drought-susceptible genotypes were identified. Overall results suggested that selection for root length, fresh weight, dry weight, cell membrane thermo-stability, and chlorophyll b at the seedling stage would improve genetic gain for drought tolerance. The outperforming genotypes under drought stress conditions can be useful in future wheat breeding programs, and early selection for the traits recommended in this study will be effective for developing high-yielding and drought-tolerant wheat varieties.

Suggested Citation

  • Hafiz Ghulam Muhu-Din Ahmed & Muhammad Sajjad & Mingju Li & Muhammad Abubakkar Azmat & Muhammad Rizwan & Rana Haroon Maqsood & Sultan Habibullah Khan, 2019. "Selection Criteria for Drought-Tolerant Bread Wheat Genotypes at Seedling Stage," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-17, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:9:p:2584-:d:228316
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Unknown, 2009. "Wheat Facts and Futures 2009," Facts and Trends/Overview and Outlook 56366, CIMMYT: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center.
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    1. Anjana Dhakal & Chanda Adhikari & Deepika Manandhar & Samikshya Bhattarai & Sony Shrestha, 2021. "Effect of Abiotic Stress in Wheat: A Review," Reviews in Food and Agriculture (RFNA), Zibeline International Publishing, vol. 2(2), pages 69-72, May.
    2. Krishna Ghimire & Isabel McIntyre & Melanie Caffe, 2024. "Evaluation of Morpho-Physiological Traits of Oat ( Avena sativa L.) under Drought Stress," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-21, January.
    3. Bipin Rijal & Prakash Baduwal & Madhukar Chaudhary & Sandesh Chapagain & Sushank Khanal & Saugat Khanal & Padam Bahadur Poudel, 2021. "Drought Stress Impacts On Wheat And Its Resistance Mechanisms," Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture (MJSA), Zibeline International Publishing, vol. 5(2), pages 67-76, January.
    4. Gizie Abeje Belay & Zhengbin Zhang & Ping Xu, 2021. "Physio-Morphological and Biochemical Trait-Based Evaluation of Ethiopian and Chinese Wheat Germplasm for Drought Tolerance at the Seedling Stage," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-23, April.
    5. Hafiz Ghulam Muhu-Din Ahmed & Muhammad Sajjad & Yawen Zeng & Muhammad Iqbal & Sultan Habibullah Khan & Aziz Ullah & Malik Nadeem Akhtar, 2020. "Genome-Wide Association Mapping through 90K SNP Array for Quality and Yield Attributes in Bread Wheat against Water-Deficit Conditions," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-23, September.
    6. Alireza Pour-Aboughadareh & Reza Mohammadi & Alireza Etminan & Lia Shooshtari & Neda Maleki-Tabrizi & Peter Poczai, 2020. "Effects of Drought Stress on Some Agronomic and Morpho-Physiological Traits in Durum Wheat Genotypes," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-14, July.

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