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Effects of Drought Stress on Some Agronomic and Morpho-Physiological Traits in Durum Wheat Genotypes

Author

Listed:
  • Alireza Pour-Aboughadareh

    (Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), P.O. Box 3183964653, Karaj 47419, Iran)

  • Reza Mohammadi

    (Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Sararood branch, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Kermanshah 67146, Iran)

  • Alireza Etminan

    (Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah 67146, Iran)

  • Lia Shooshtari

    (Department of Plant Breeding, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah 67146, Iran)

  • Neda Maleki-Tabrizi

    (Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 15119-43943, Iran)

  • Peter Poczai

    (Botany Unit, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 7, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland)

Abstract

Durum wheat performance in the Mediterranean climate is limited when water scarcity occurs before and during anthesis. The present research was performed to determine the effect of drought stress on several physiological and agro-morphological traits in 17 durum wheat genotypes under two conditions (control and drought) over two years. The results of analysis of variance indicated that the various durum wheat genotypes responded differently to drought stress. Drought stress significantly reduced the grain filling period, plant height, peduncle length, number of spikes per plot, number of grains per spike, thousand grains weight, grain yield, biomass, and harvest index in all genotypes compared to the control condition. The heatmap-based correlation analysis indicated that grain yield was positively and significantly associated with phenological characters (days to heading, days to physiological maturity, and grain filling period), as well as number of spikes per plant, biomass, and harvest index under drought conditions. The yield-based drought and susceptible indices revealed that stress tolerance index (STI), geometric mean productivity (GMP), mean productivity (MP), and harmonic mean (HM) were positively and significantly correlated with grain yields in both conditions. Based on the average of the sum of ranks across all indices and a three-dimensional plot, two genotypes (G9 and G12) along with the control variety (G1) were identified as the most tolerant genotypes. Among the investigated genotypes, the new breeding genotype G12 showed a high drought tolerance and yield performance under both conditions. Hence, this genotype can be a candidate for further multi-years and locations test as recommended for cultivation under rainfed conditions in arid and semi-arid regions.

Suggested Citation

  • Alireza Pour-Aboughadareh & Reza Mohammadi & Alireza Etminan & Lia Shooshtari & Neda Maleki-Tabrizi & Peter Poczai, 2020. "Effects of Drought Stress on Some Agronomic and Morpho-Physiological Traits in Durum Wheat Genotypes," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-14, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:14:p:5610-:d:383582
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hafiz Ghulam Muhu-Din Ahmed & Muhammad Sajjad & Mingju Li & Muhammad Abubakkar Azmat & Muhammad Rizwan & Rana Haroon Maqsood & Sultan Habibullah Khan, 2019. "Selection Criteria for Drought-Tolerant Bread Wheat Genotypes at Seedling Stage," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-17, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Niruta Gautam & Mamta Sah & Laxmi Bhandari & Saraswati Aryal & Jyoti Kafle & Sudha Pokharel & Keshav Dhakal, 2021. "BIOCHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL CHANGES DUE TO DROUGHT STRESS IN WHEAT(Triticum aestivum L.)," Tropical Agrobiodiversity (TRAB), Zibeline International Publishing, vol. 2(2), pages 72-76, July.
    2. Gizie Abeje Belay & Zhengbin Zhang & Ping Xu, 2021. "Physio-Morphological and Biochemical Trait-Based Evaluation of Ethiopian and Chinese Wheat Germplasm for Drought Tolerance at the Seedling Stage," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-23, April.
    3. Mohammed Mohi-Ud-Din & Md. Alamgir Hossain & Md. Motiar Rohman & Md. Nesar Uddin & Md. Sabibul Haque & Eldessoky S. Dessoky & Mohammed Alqurashi & Salman Aloufi, 2022. "Assessment of Genetic Diversity of Bread Wheat Genotypes for Drought Tolerance Using Canopy Reflectance-Based Phenotyping and SSR Marker-Based Genotyping," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-19, August.

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