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Strength, Carbon Footprint and Cost Considerations of Mortar Blends with High Volume Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag

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  • Chiu Chuen Onn

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

  • Kim Hung Mo

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

  • Mohammed K. H. Radwan

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

  • Wen Hong Liew

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

  • Chee Guan Ng

    (Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, IGS Building, No. C308, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

  • Sumiani Yusoff

    (Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, IGS Building, No. C308, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

Abstract

Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) is a by-product obtained from the iron making process and has suitable properties to be utilized as high volume cement replacement to produce sustainable concrete. This study focuses on investigating the influence of GGBFS replacement level (0%–70%) and water/binder ratio (0.45 and 0.65) on the performance of cement mortar blends. In order to characterize the engineering performance, the compressive strength of the mortar blends was evaluated. Whereas to ascertain the carbon footprint, environmental life cycle assessment was conducted. Besides the compressive strength and carbon footprint, the materials cost for each mortar blends was computed. Based on the compressive strength/carbon footprint ratio analysis, it was found that increased replacement level of GGBFS gave better performance while the cost efficiency analysis shows that suggested GGBFS replacement level of up to 50%. Overall, in considering the strength performance, carbon footprint and materials cost, the recommended GGBFS replacement level for cement blends is 50%. In addition, when the binder content is kept constant, mortar blends with lower water/binder ratio is preferable when considering the same parameters.

Suggested Citation

  • Chiu Chuen Onn & Kim Hung Mo & Mohammed K. H. Radwan & Wen Hong Liew & Chee Guan Ng & Sumiani Yusoff, 2019. "Strength, Carbon Footprint and Cost Considerations of Mortar Blends with High Volume Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(24), pages 1-21, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:24:p:7194-:d:298327
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Taehyoung Kim & Sungho Tae & Chang U Chae, 2016. "Analysis of Environmental Impact for Concrete Using LCA by Varying the Recycling Components, the Compressive Strength and the Admixture Material Mixing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-14, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jan Pešta & Markéta Šerešová & Vladimír Kočí, 2020. "Carbon Footprint Assessment of Construction Waste Packaging Using the Package-to-Product Indicator," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-23, December.
    2. Shamir Sakir & Sudharshan N. Raman & Md. Safiuddin & A. B. M. Amrul Kaish & Azrul A. Mutalib, 2020. "Utilization of By-Products and Wastes as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Structural Mortar for Sustainable Construction," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-35, May.
    3. Mohammed K. H. Radwan & Chiu Chuen Onn & Kim Hung Mo & Soon Poh Yap & Ren Jie Chin & Sai Hin Lai, 2022. "Sustainable ternary cement blends with high-volume ground granulated blast furnace slag–fly ash," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(4), pages 4751-4785, April.
    4. Slobodan Šupić & Vesna Bulatović & Mirjana Malešev & Vlastimir Radonjanin & Ivan Lukić, 2021. "Sustainable Masonry Mortars with Fly Ash, Blast Furnace Granulated Slag and Wheat Straw Ash," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-18, November.
    5. Alisson Mendes Rodrigues & Fabiana Pereira da Costa & Suellen Lisboa Dias Beltrão & Jucielle Veras Fernandes & Romualdo Rodrigues Menezes & Gelmires de Araújo Neves, 2021. "Development of Eco-Friendly Mortars Produced with Kaolin Processing Waste: Durability Behavior Viewpoint," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-15, October.
    6. Jan Fořt & Jiří Šál & Jaroslav Žák & Robert Černý, 2020. "Assessment of Wood-Based Fly Ash as Alternative Cement Replacement," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-16, November.

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