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A Sustainability Assessment of Five Major Food Crops’ Water Footprints in China from 1978 to 2010

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  • Yuanhong Tian

    (School of Social Science, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201602, China
    Institution of Sustainability Development and Management, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China)

  • Matthias Ruth

    (Office of the Vice-President (Research and Innovation) and Department of Economics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G7, Canada)

  • Dajian Zhu

    (Institution of Sustainability Development and Management, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
    School of Economics and Management, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China)

  • Jinfeng Ding

    (Joint Center for Urban Studies between Oxford University and China Executive Leadership Academy Pudong, Shanghai 201204, China)

  • Nicholas Morris

    (Joint Center for Urban Studies between Oxford University and China Executive Leadership Academy Pudong, Shanghai 201204, China
    School of Law, University of New South Wales, 2052 Sydney, Australia)

Abstract

Rice, wheat, corn, soybeans, and sorghum are the five major crops in China, which account for 92% of the country’s total grain production and 33% of its water consumption. Combining water footprint analysis tools with sustainability assessment tools, the water sustainability of the five major crops can be analyzed. Based on ecological economics theory, this paper constructs a sustainability evaluation system of China’s five major crops’ water footprints and analyzes the national and provincial diversity of the sustainability of the five major crops’ water footprints using three dimensions: scale, distribution, and equity. We find that the interprovincial distribution equity sustainability divergence is the key bottleneck factor that restricts sustainability (more than scale and configuration). One key strategy is to arrange grain production at the national level, on the basis of considering the differences of water-resource endowment between different provinces to break through the bottleneck of the water-resource distribution sustainability of these five major food crops. This paper determines a general management model that can improve the sustainability of water resource management at the interprovincial level by comparing and analyzing the most sustainable and least sustainable provinces for the water footprint production of these five major crops.

Suggested Citation

  • Yuanhong Tian & Matthias Ruth & Dajian Zhu & Jinfeng Ding & Nicholas Morris, 2019. "A Sustainability Assessment of Five Major Food Crops’ Water Footprints in China from 1978 to 2010," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(21), pages 1-20, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:21:p:6179-:d:283835
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    References listed on IDEAS

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