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Grid Load Shifting and Performance Assessments of Residential Efficient Energy Technologies, a Case Study in Japan

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  • Yanxue Li

    (Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu, Kitakyushu 808-0135, Japan)

  • Weijun Gao

    (Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu, Kitakyushu 808-0135, Japan)

  • Yingjun Ruan

    (Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road 1239, Shanghai 20092, China)

  • Yoshiaki Ushifusa

    (Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, The University of Kitakyushu, Kitakyushu 802-8577, Japan)

Abstract

The increasing penetration of renewable energy decreases grid flexibility; thus, decentralized energy management or demand response are emerging as the main approaches to resolve this limitation and to provide flexibility of resources. This research investigates the performance of high energy efficiency appliances and grid-integrated distributed generators based on real monitored data from a social demonstration project. The analysis not only explores the potential cost savings and environmental benefits of high energy efficiency systems in the private sector, but also evaluates public grid load leveling potential from a bottom-up approach. This research provides a better understanding of the behavior of high decentralized efficient energy and includes detailed scenarios of monitored power generation and consumption in a social demonstration project. The scheduled heat pump effectively lifts valley load via transforming electricity to thermal energy, its daily electricity consumption varies from 4 kWh to 10 kWh and is concentrated in the early morning over the period of a year. Aggregated vehicle to home (V2H) brings flexible resources to the grid, by discharging energy to cover the residential night peak load, with fuel cost savings attributed to 90% of profit. The potential for grid load leveling via integrating the power utility and consumer is examined using a bottom-up approach. Five hundred thousand contributions from scheduled electrical vehicles (EVs) and fuel cells provide 5.0% of reliable peak power capacity at 20:00 in winter. The outcome illustrates the energy cost saving and carbon emission reduction scenarios of each of the proposed technologies. Relevant subsidies for heat pump water heater systems and cogeneration are essential customers due to the high initial capital investment. Optimal mixes in structure and coordinated control of high efficiency technologies enable customers to participate in grid load leveling in terms of lowest cost, considering their different features and roles.

Suggested Citation

  • Yanxue Li & Weijun Gao & Yingjun Ruan & Yoshiaki Ushifusa, 2018. "Grid Load Shifting and Performance Assessments of Residential Efficient Energy Technologies, a Case Study in Japan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-19, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:10:y:2018:i:7:p:2117-:d:153640
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Li, Yanxue & Zhang, Xiaoyi & Gao, Weijun & Xu, Wenya & Wang, Zixuan, 2022. "Operational performance and grid-support assessment of distributed flexibility practices among residential prosumers under high PV penetration," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PB).
    3. Siiri Söyrinki & Eva Heiskanen & Kaisa Matschoss, 2018. "Piloting Demand Response in Retailing: Lessons Learned in Real-Life Context," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-17, October.
    4. Ana García-Garre & Antonio Gabaldón & Carlos Álvarez-Bel & María Del Carmen Ruiz-Abellón & Antonio Guillamón, 2018. "Integration of Demand Response and Photovoltaic Resources in Residential Segments," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-31, August.
    5. O.S. Kuljamina & V.P. Leonova & V.A. Vishnyakova, 2018. "Unconditional Demand based on Information Networks," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(4), pages 726-734.
    6. Ofelia Vera-Piazzini & Massimiliano Scarpa & Fabio Peron, 2022. "Building Energy Simulation and Monitoring: A Review of Graphical Data Representation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-26, December.
    7. Yeon-Ju Choi & Byeong-Chan Oh & Moses Amoasi Acquah & Dong-Min Kim & Sung-Yul Kim, 2021. "Optimal Operation of a Hybrid Power System as an Island Microgrid in South-Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-18, April.

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