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Commercial African Catfish ( Clarias gariepinus ) Recirculating Aquaculture Systems: Assessment of Element and Energy Pathways with Special Focus on the Phosphorus Cycle

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  • Sebastian Marcus Strauch

    (Department of Aquaculture and Sea-Ranching, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
    These authors contributed equally to this study.)

  • Lisa Carolina Wenzel

    (Department of Aquaculture and Sea-Ranching, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
    These authors contributed equally to this study.)

  • Adrian Bischoff

    (Department of Aquaculture and Sea-Ranching, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany)

  • Olaf Dellwig

    (Marine Geology, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research, IOW, 18119 Rostock, Germany)

  • Jan Klein

    (Department of Aquaculture and Sea-Ranching, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany)

  • Andrea Schüch

    (Department of Waste and Resource Management, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany)

  • Berit Wasenitz

    (Department of Aquaculture and Sea-Ranching, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany)

  • Harry Wilhelm Palm

    (Department of Aquaculture and Sea-Ranching, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany)

Abstract

The reuse of effluent waters and sediments from African catfish ( Clarias gariepinus ) recirculation aquaculture systems requires a deeper understanding of the nutrient and energy flows and material pathways. Three semi-commercial systems, differing in stocking density, were sampled for nutritive and pollutant elements of the input- (tap water, feed) and output pathways (fillet, carcass, process water, sediments) by ICP-OES/MS and calorimetry. Highly water-soluble elements, e.g., potassium, accumulated in the water, whereas iron, copper, chromium and uranium where found in the solids. Feed derived phosphorous was accounted for, 58.3–64.2% inside the fish, 9.7–19.3% in sediments, and small amounts 9.6–15.5% in the process waters. A total of 7.1–9.9% of the feed accumulated as dry matter in the sediments, comprising 5.5–8.7% total organic carbon and 3.7–5.2% nitrogen. A total of 44.5–47.1% of the feed energy was found in the fish and 5.7–7.7% in the sediments. For reuse of water and nutrients in hydroponics, the macro-nutrients potassium, nitrate, phosphorus and the micro-nutrient iron were deficient when compared with generalized recommendations for plant nutrition. Low energy contents and C/N-ratio restrict the solely use of African catfish solids for biogas production or vermiculture. Using the outputs both for biogas supplement and general fertilizer in aquaponics farming ( s . l .) (combined with additional nutrients) appears possible.

Suggested Citation

  • Sebastian Marcus Strauch & Lisa Carolina Wenzel & Adrian Bischoff & Olaf Dellwig & Jan Klein & Andrea Schüch & Berit Wasenitz & Harry Wilhelm Palm, 2018. "Commercial African Catfish ( Clarias gariepinus ) Recirculating Aquaculture Systems: Assessment of Element and Energy Pathways with Special Focus on the Phosphorus Cycle," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-29, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:10:y:2018:i:6:p:1805-:d:149774
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rajiv K. Sinha & Sunil Herat & Dalsukh Valani & Krunal Chauhan, 2010. "Earthworms – the environmental engineers: review of vermiculture technologies for environmental management and resource development," International Journal of Global Environmental Issues, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 10(3/4), pages 265-292.
    2. Suhl, Johanna & Dannehl, Dennis & Kloas, Werner & Baganz, Daniela & Jobs, Sebastian & Scheibe, Günther & Schmidt, Uwe, 2016. "Advanced aquaponics: Evaluation of intensive tomato production in aquaponics vs. conventional hydroponics," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 335-344.
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    Cited by:

    1. Rocío González-Sánchez & Davide Settembre-Blundo & Anna Maria Ferrari & Fernando E. García-Muiña, 2020. "Main Dimensions in the Building of the Circular Supply Chain: A Literature Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-25, March.
    2. Sara Alonso-Muñoz & Rocío González-Sánchez & Cristina Siligardi & Fernando Enrique García-Muiña, 2021. "Building Exploitation Routines in the Circular Supply Chain to Obtain Radical Innovations," Resources, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-18, March.
    3. Florin Nenciu & Iulian Voicea & Diana Mariana Cocarta & Valentin Nicolae Vladut & Mihai Gabriel Matache & Vlad-Nicolae Arsenoaia, 2022. "“Zero-Waste” Food Production System Supporting the Synergic Interaction between Aquaculture and Horticulture," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-16, October.
    4. Gerald Steiner & Bernhard Geissler, 2018. "Sustainable Mineral Resource Management—Insights into the Case of Phosphorus," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-8, August.
    5. Christopher Shaw & Klaus Knopf & Werner Kloas, 2022. "Fish Feeds in Aquaponics and Beyond: A Novel Concept to Evaluate Protein Sources in Diets for Circular Multitrophic Food Production Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-30, March.
    6. Julia Prüter & Sebastian Marcus Strauch & Lisa Carolina Wenzel & Wantana Klysubun & Harry Wilhelm Palm & Peter Leinweber, 2020. "Organic Matter Composition and Phosphorus Speciation of Solid Waste from an African Catfish Recirculating Aquaculture System," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-14, October.
    7. Christopher Shaw & Klaus Knopf & Laura Klatt & Gabina Marin Arellano & Werner Kloas, 2023. "Closing Nutrient Cycles through the Use of System-Internal Resource Streams: Implications for Circular Multitrophic Food Production Systems and Aquaponic Feed Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-30, April.
    8. Christopher Shaw & Klaus Knopf & Werner Kloas, 2022. "Toward Feeds for Circular Multitrophic Food Production Systems: Holistically Evaluating Growth Performance and Nutrient Excretion of African Catfish Fed Fish Meal-Free Diets in Comparison to Nile Tila," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-31, November.

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