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Application of Biochar to the Remediation of Pb-Contaminated Solutions

Author

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  • Maria Rosaria Boni

    (Faculty of Civil and Industrial Engineering, Department of Civil, Constructional and Environmental Engineering (DICEA), Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy)

  • Agostina Chiavola

    (Faculty of Civil and Industrial Engineering, Department of Civil, Constructional and Environmental Engineering (DICEA), Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy)

  • Simone Marzeddu

    (Faculty of Civil and Industrial Engineering, Department of Civil, Constructional and Environmental Engineering (DICEA), Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy)

Abstract

BIOTON ® biochar, produced by a wood biomass pyrolysis process, which is usually applied as soil amendment, was investigated for a novel application, i.e., the adsorption of lead from contaminated solutions. The experimental activity included physical and chemical characterization of BIOTON ® ; and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images to highlight its internal structure. The adsorption process was investigated through batch and column experiments. Adsorption kinetics showed very rapid achievement of equilibrium conditions, i.e., 50 mg/L and 100 mg/L initial Pb concentration at 2 h and 4 h, respectively. Complete removal also occurred within the same time. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller model was a better fit for the equilibrium data of both Pb concentrations, whereas the kinetics were best represented by the pseudo second-order model. Column tests showed that the addition of biochar as an adsorbent media within the bed significantly extended the time of breakthrough and exhaustion, with respect to the column filled with soil only. The values found for the adsorption capacity of BIOTON ® - versus lead-containing solutions were comparable to those reported for commercial adsorbents. Therefore, BIOTON ® can be considered a valid option: It also offers the additional benefit of allowing the recovery of a residue, which alternately would need to be disposed of.

Suggested Citation

  • Maria Rosaria Boni & Agostina Chiavola & Simone Marzeddu, 2018. "Application of Biochar to the Remediation of Pb-Contaminated Solutions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-14, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:10:y:2018:i:12:p:4440-:d:185871
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Nikolas Hagemann & Stephen Joseph & Hans-Peter Schmidt & Claudia I. Kammann & Johannes Harter & Thomas Borch & Robert B. Young & Krisztina Varga & Sarasadat Taherymoosavi & K. Wade Elliott & Amy McKen, 2017. "Organic coating on biochar explains its nutrient retention and stimulation of soil fertility," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 8(1), pages 1-11, December.
    4. Qambrani, Naveed Ahmed & Rahman, Md. Mukhlesur & Won, Seunggun & Shim, Soomin & Ra, Changsix, 2017. "Biochar properties and eco-friendly applications for climate change mitigation, waste management, and wastewater treatment: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 255-273.
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    Cited by:

    1. María Alejandra Décima & Simone Marzeddu & Margherita Barchiesi & Camilla Di Marcantonio & Agostina Chiavola & Maria Rosaria Boni, 2021. "A Review on the Removal of Carbamazepine from Aqueous Solution by Using Activated Carbon and Biochar," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-50, October.
    2. Simone Marzeddu & Andrea Cappelli & Andrea Ambrosio & María Alejandra Décima & Paolo Viotti & Maria Rosaria Boni, 2021. "A Life Cycle Assessment of an Energy-Biochar Chain Involving a Gasification Plant in Italy," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-29, November.
    3. Shixiang Zhao & Na Ta & Xudong Wang, 2020. "Absorption of Cu(II) and Zn(II) from Aqueous Solutions onto Biochars Derived from Apple Tree Branches," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-19, July.
    4. Muhammad Sajjad Ahmad & Muhammad Aamer Mehmood & Huibo Luo & Boxiong Shen & Muhammad Latif & Wan Azlina Wan Ab Karim Ghani & Nuha Abdulhamid Alkhattabi & Akram Ahmed Aloqbi & Ebtihaj Jamaluddin Jambi , 2019. "Pyrolysis and Thermogravimetric Study to Elucidate the Bioenergy Potential of Novel Feedstock Produced on Poor Soils While Keeping the Environmental Sustainability Intact," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(13), pages 1-15, June.

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