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Sexual and Gender-Based Violence and Vulnerability to HIV Infection in Uganda: Evidence from Multilevel Modelling of Population-Level HIV/AIDS Data

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  • Patrick Igulot

    (School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Sunderland in London, London E14 9SG, UK)

Abstract

Background: Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) is highly prevalent in Uganda and its link with HIV infection and compromising access to HIV/AIDS services is known. However, current evidence is controversial. Most of the studies indicate a positive relationship but a few indicate otherwise. Moreover, there is no research examining the effects of community-level SGBV on HIV infection. Objectives: This research explores the association between SGBV and vulnerability to HIV infection. Methods: Multilevel binary logistic regression is applied to secondary data of Uganda AIDS Indicators Survey conducted in 2011. The survey data comprises 12,153 women and 9588 men. Results: SGBV significantly increases the likelihood of HIV infection, with victims having 34%, 1.34 [1.06–1.70] higher odds than non-victims. At the community level, wealth, and pre-sex alcohol abuse are important determinants. Conclusions: Vulnerability to the risk of HIV infection in Uganda is associated with individual-level and community factors. Effective HIV prevention policies need to pay attention to victims of SGBV using individual- and community-level strategies.

Suggested Citation

  • Patrick Igulot, 2022. "Sexual and Gender-Based Violence and Vulnerability to HIV Infection in Uganda: Evidence from Multilevel Modelling of Population-Level HIV/AIDS Data," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-18, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jscscx:v:11:y:2022:i:7:p:301-:d:860904
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    1. Uthman, Olalekan Abdulrahman & Moradi, Tahereh & Lawoko, Stephen, 2009. "The independent contribution of individual-, neighbourhood-, and country-level socioeconomic position on attitudes towards intimate partner violence against women in sub-Saharan Africa: A multilevel m," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 68(10), pages 1801-1809, May.
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