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Brothers in Arms? How Neoliberalism Connects North and South Higher Education: Finland and Portugal in Perspective

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  • Sara Margarida Diogo

    (Department of Social, Political and Territorial Sciences, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
    CIPES—Research Center on Higher Education Policies, 4450-227 Matosinhos, Portugal)

  • Teresa Carvalho

    (Department of Social, Political and Territorial Sciences, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
    CIPES—Research Center on Higher Education Policies, 4450-227 Matosinhos, Portugal)

Abstract

This paper puts in perspective the reforms of the Portuguese and Finnish higher education (HE) sectors in the light of the role intergovernmental organisations have—especially the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)—in influencing neoliberal public policies in these countries. On the year that the OECD celebrates its 62nd anniversary, (the OECD was founded with this name on 14 December 1960 by 20 countries, following the establishment of the former European Economic Co-operation (OEEC) in April 1948) and by comparing two different countries, this article analyses the extent to which the OECD has been and is an “imperial agent” in Portuguese and Finnish HE policies. By cross-comparing the OECD reports of both HE systems, the empirical data shows how the OECD proposes neoliberal reforms based on three main components of neoliberalism: market, management and performativity in different countries. Taking these proposals into account, Portugal and Finland undertook similar HE legislative reforms despite their geographical, historical, cultural and economic differences. The data reveal a convergence in HE policies in these countries, anticipating the reinforcement of neoliberal policies at the national level.

Suggested Citation

  • Sara Margarida Diogo & Teresa Carvalho, 2022. "Brothers in Arms? How Neoliberalism Connects North and South Higher Education: Finland and Portugal in Perspective," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-21, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jscscx:v:11:y:2022:i:5:p:213-:d:814801
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Simmons, Beth A. & Dobbin, Frank & Garrett, Geoffrey, 2006. "Introduction: The International Diffusion of Liberalism," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 60(4), pages 781-810, October.
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