IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jrisks/v7y2019i3p84-d254030.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Parametric Conditions of High Financial Risk in the SME Sector

Author

Listed:
  • Beata Ślusarczyk

    (The Management Faculty, Czestochowa University of Technology, Armii Krajowej 19B, 42-201 Czestochowa, Poland
    Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences, North-West University Vaal Triangle Campus, P.O. Box 1174, Vanderbijlpark 1900, South Africa)

  • Katarzyna Grondys

    (The Management Faculty, Czestochowa University of Technology, Armii Krajowej 19B, 42-201 Czestochowa, Poland)

Abstract

The sector of SME is the major force for the national economic and social development. Financial risk is one of the key threats to the activity of small and medium enterprises. The most common manifestation of the financial risk of SMEs is difficulty in financing the business and lack of funds for development. Banks are unwilling to grant loans to such companies. Moreover, it is the rising operating costs that cause shrinking profits, which may result in corporate debt, difficulty in debt repayment, and consequently, high financial risk of these entities. Numerous differences in conducting the activity of small and large enterprises intensify this risk and mean that the model of credit financing for companies is not adjusted to the capabilities and principles of the operation of small enterprises. Therefore, risk management is one of the most important internal processes in small and medium enterprises. The identification of factors that affect the level of financial risk in these entities is therefore crucial. The main objective of this research was to analyze the impact of selected parametric characteristics of the SME sector on the intensity of financial risk they take. This objective was accomplished on the basis of the survey with the participation of Polish SMEs. In order to test the adopted research assumptions, the linear regression model was used with four continuous variables for each type of the identified financial risk. Based on the final research results, the logit model was obtained for the risk of insufficient profits. It was indicated that both the internationalization of the company and the ability to manage risk are the only factors that affect a high level of risk of low income. The article ends with the discussion and the comparison with some previous research in this area.

Suggested Citation

  • Beata Ślusarczyk & Katarzyna Grondys, 2019. "Parametric Conditions of High Financial Risk in the SME Sector," Risks, MDPI, vol. 7(3), pages 1-17, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jrisks:v:7:y:2019:i:3:p:84-:d:254030
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9091/7/3/84/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9091/7/3/84/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ryan Banerjee, 2014. "SMEs, financial constraints and growth," BIS Working Papers 475, Bank for International Settlements.
    2. Azlan Amran, 2009. "Risk reporting," Managerial Auditing Journal, Emerald Group Publishing, vol. 24(1), pages 39-57, January.
    3. Christopoulos, Andreas D. & Barratt, Joshua G., 2016. "Credit risk findings for commercial real estate loans using the reduced form," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 19(C), pages 228-234.
    4. Maksimov, Vladislav & Wang, Stephanie Lu & Luo, Yadong, 2017. "Reducing poverty in the least developed countries: The role of small and medium enterprises," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 52(2), pages 244-257.
    5. Bester, Helmut, 1987. "The role of collateral in credit markets with imperfect information," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(4), pages 887-899, June.
    6. Nenad Djokic & Aleksandar Grubor & Nikola Milicevic & Viktorija Petrov, 2018. "New Market Segmentation Knowledge in the Function of Bioeconomy Development in Serbia," The AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC journal, Academy of Economic Studies - Bucharest, Romania, vol. 20(49), pages 700-700, August.
    7. Miroslav Mateev & Yanko Anastasov, 2010. "Determinants of small and medium sized fast growing enterprises in central and eastern Europe: a panel data analysis," Financial Theory and Practice, Institute of Public Finance, vol. 34(3), pages 269-295.
    8. Sorin Gabriel Anton, 2019. "Leverage and firm growth: an empirical investigation of gazelles from emerging Europe," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 15(1), pages 209-232, March.
    9. Kelly D. Edmiston, 2007. "The role of small and large businesses in economic development," Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, vol. 92(Q II), pages 73-97.
    10. Yang Yang & Xuezheng Chen & Jing Gu & Hamido Fujita, 2019. "Alleviating Financing Constraints of SMEs through Supply Chain," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-19, January.
    11. Bartram, Söhnke M. & Brown, Gregory W. & Waller, William, 2015. "How Important Is Financial Risk?," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 50(4), pages 801-824, August.
    12. Larry W. Chavis & Leora F. Klapper & Inessa Love, 2011. "Access to Bank Financing and New Investment: Evidence from Europe," Contributions to Economics, in: Giorgio Calcagnini & Ilario Favaretto (ed.), The Economics of Small Businesses, chapter 0, pages 115-132, Springer.
    13. Marius-Cristian Neacsu & Silviu Negut & Gheorghe Vlasceanu, 2018. "The Impact of Geopolitical Risks on Tourism," The AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC journal, Academy of Economic Studies - Bucharest, Romania, vol. 20(S12), pages 870-870, November.
    14. Saeidi, Sayedeh Parastoo & Sofian, Saudah & Saeidi, Parvaneh & Saeidi, Sayyedeh Parisa & Saaeidi, Seyyed Alireza, 2015. "How does corporate social responsibility contribute to firm financial performance? The mediating role of competitive advantage, reputation, and customer satisfaction," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 68(2), pages 341-350.
    15. Yuji Honjo & Nobuyuki Harada, 2006. "SME Policy, Financial Structure and Firm Growth: Evidence From Japan," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 27(4), pages 289-300, December.
    16. Thorsten Beck & Asli Demirguc-Kunt & Ross Levine, 2005. "SMEs, Growth, and Poverty: Cross-Country Evidence," Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, vol. 10(3), pages 199-229, September.
    17. Thorsten Beck & Asli Demirgüç-Kunt, 2004. "SMEs, Growth, and Poverty," World Bank Publications - Reports 11278, The World Bank Group.
    18. Irena Jindrichovska, 2013. "Financial Management in SMEs," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(4), pages 79-96.
    19. Beck, Thorsten & Demirguc-Kunt, Asli, 2006. "Small and medium-size enterprises: Access to finance as a growth constraint," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(11), pages 2931-2943, November.
    20. Ji‐Yong Seo, 2017. "A Study of Effective Financial Support for SMEs to Improve Economic and Employment Conditions: Evidence from OECD Countries," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 38(3), pages 432-442, April.
    21. Panos Kouvelis & Wenhui Zhao, 2018. "Who Should Finance the Supply Chain? Impact of Credit Ratings on Supply Chain Decisions," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 20(1), pages 19-35, February.
    22. repec:ers:journl:v:xvi:y:2013:i:sisme:p:79-96 is not listed on IDEAS
    23. Charles Amo Yartey, 2011. "Small business finance in Sub‐Saharan Africa: the case of Ghana," Management Research Review, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 34(2), pages 172-185, January.
    24. Judit Oláh & Sándor Kovács & Zuzana Virglerova & Zoltán Lakner & Maria Kovacova & József Popp, 2019. "Analysis and Comparison of Economic and Financial Risk Sources in SMEs of the Visegrad Group and Serbia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-19, March.
    25. Stiglitz, Joseph E & Weiss, Andrew, 1981. "Credit Rationing in Markets with Imperfect Information," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 71(3), pages 393-410, June.
    26. repec:aud:audfin:v:20:y:2018:i:49:p:700 is not listed on IDEAS
    27. Pablo Fajnzylber & William F. Maloney & Gabriel V. Montes-Rojas, 2009. "Releasing Constraints to Growth or Pushing on a String? Policies and Performance of Mexican Micro-Firms," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(7), pages 1027-1047, August.
    28. Judith Martin, 2017. "Suppliers' participation in supply chain finance practices: predictors and outcomes," International Journal of Integrated Supply Management, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 11(2/3), pages 193-216.
    29. Audretsch, David B & Mahmood, Talat, 1994. "Firm Selection and Industry Evolution: The Post-entry Performance of New Firms," Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Springer, vol. 4(3), pages 243-260, September.
    30. Rachid Zeffane & Hana Ameen Mohammed Al Zarooni, 2008. "The influence of empowerment, commitment, job satisfaction and trust on perceived managers' performance," International Journal of Business Excellence, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 1(1/2), pages 193-209.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Luminița RUS & Daniela ZĂPODEANU & Carmen SCORȚE & Sorina MOCIAR-COROIU, 2022. "Indicators And 3r-Type Measures In Overcoming Financial Difficulties Of Companies," Annals of Faculty of Economics, University of Oradea, Faculty of Economics, vol. 2(2), pages 153-165, December.
    2. Ján Dvorský & Ľudmila Kozubíková & Barbora Bacová, 2020. "The Perception of Business Risks by SMEs in the Czech Republic," Central European Business Review, Prague University of Economics and Business, vol. 2020(5), pages 25-44.
    3. Jan Dvorsky & Ludmila Kozubikova & Aleksandr Kljucnikov & Eva Ivanova, 2022. "Owners vs. Managers. Disparities of Attitudes on the Business Risk in SME Segment," The AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC journal, Academy of Economic Studies - Bucharest, Romania, vol. 24(59), pages 174-174.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yang Yang & Xuezheng Chen & Jing Gu & Hamido Fujita, 2019. "Alleviating Financing Constraints of SMEs through Supply Chain," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-19, January.
    2. Judit Oláh & Sándor Kovács & Zuzana Virglerova & Zoltán Lakner & Maria Kovacova & József Popp, 2019. "Analysis and Comparison of Economic and Financial Risk Sources in SMEs of the Visegrad Group and Serbia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-19, March.
    3. Lou, Zhaohui & Xie, Qizhuo & Shen, Jim Huangnan & Lee, Chien-Chiang, 2024. "Does Supply Chain Finance (SCF) alleviate funding constraints of SMEs? Evidence from China," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 67(PA).
    4. Kjenstad, Einar C. & Su, Xunhua & Zhang, Li, 2015. "Credit rationing by loan size: A synthesized model," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 20-27.
    5. Jinjarak, Yothin & Wignaraja, Ganeshan, 2016. "An Empirical Assessment of the Export—Financial Constraint Relationship: How Different are Small and Medium Enterprises?," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 152-163.
    6. Oznur Ozdamar & Eleftherios Giovanis & Sahizer Samuk, 2020. "State business relations and the dynamics of job flows in Egypt and Turkey," Eurasian Business Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 10(4), pages 519-558, December.
    7. Rahman Ashiqur & Rahman M. Twyeafur & Belas Jaroslav, 2017. "Determinants of SME Finance: Evidence from Three Central European Countries," Review of Economic Perspectives, Sciendo, vol. 17(3), pages 263-285, September.
    8. Zhang, Xuan & Zhang, Yongmin & Scheffel, Eric & Zhao, Yang, 2022. "A key driver for the mixed relationship between loan risk premiums and collateral: Evidence from China," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    9. Hung Pham, 2017. "Determinants of New Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Access to Bank Credit: Case Study in the Phu Tho Province, Vietnam," International Journal of Business and Management, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 12(7), pages 1-83, June.
    10. Bruder, Jana & Neuberger, Doris & Räthke-Döppner, Solvig, 2008. "Financial constraints of ethnic entrepreneurship: Evidence from Germany," Thuenen-Series of Applied Economic Theory 84, University of Rostock, Institute of Economics.
    11. Horvath, Akos & Lang, Peter, 2021. "Do loan subsidies boost the real activity of small firms?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 122(C).
    12. Philippe Adair & Mohamed Adaskou, 2016. "The determinants of credit rationing of SMEs in France: A disequilibrium model upon a balanced panel [Les déterminants du rationnement du crédit des PME en France : un modèle de déséquilibre sur un," Post-Print hal-01667299, HAL.
    13. Victor Motta, 2017. "Are SMEs in the hospitality industry less likely to experience credit constraint than other industries in the service sector? Evidence from Latin America," Tourism Economics, , vol. 23(7), pages 1398-1418, November.
    14. Anton Miglo, 2022. "Crowdfunding and bank financing: substitutes or complements?," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 59(3), pages 1115-1142, October.
    15. Arráiz,Irani & Bruhn,Miriam & Stucchi,Rodolfo Mario, 2015. "Psychometrics as a tool to improve screening and access to credit," Policy Research Working Paper Series 7506, The World Bank.
    16. Cravo, Túlio A., 2011. "Are small employers more cyclically sensitive? Evidence from Brazil," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 33(4), pages 754-769.
    17. Túlio A. Cravo & Caio Piza, 2019. "The impact of business-support services on firm performance: a meta-analysis," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 53(3), pages 753-770, October.
    18. Mirjam Praag & André Stel, 2013. "The more business owners, the merrier? The role of tertiary education," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 41(2), pages 335-357, August.
    19. Brei, Michael & Gadanecz, Blaise & Mehrotra, Aaron, 2020. "SME lending and banking system stability: Some mechanisms at work," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 43(C).
    20. Cattaruzzo, Sebastiano & Teruel, Mercedes, 2022. "On the heterogeneity of the long-term leverage-growth relationship: A cross-country analysis of manufacturing firms," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 552-565.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jrisks:v:7:y:2019:i:3:p:84-:d:254030. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.