IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jrisks/v5y2017i1p11-d89417.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Optimal Reinsurance Policies under the VaR Risk Measure When the Interests of Both the Cedent and the Reinsurer Are Taken into Account

Author

Listed:
  • Wenjun Jiang

    (Department of Statistical and Actuarial Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Jiandong Ren

    (Department of Statistical and Actuarial Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Ričardas Zitikis

    (Department of Statistical and Actuarial Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

Abstract

Optimal forms of reinsurance policies have been studied for a long time in the actuarial literature. Most existing results are from the insurer’s point of view, aiming at maximizing the expected utility or minimizing the risk of the insurer. However, as pointed out by Borch (1969), it is understandable that a reinsurance arrangement that might be very attractive to one party (e.g., the insurer) can be quite unacceptable to the other party (e.g., the reinsurer). In this paper, we follow this point of view and study forms of Pareto-optimal reinsurance policies whereby one party’s risk, measured by its value-at-risk (VaR), cannot be reduced without increasing the VaR of the counter-party in the reinsurance transaction. We show that the Pareto-optimal policies can be determined by minimizing linear combinations of the VaR s of the two parties in the reinsurance transaction. Consequently, we succeed in deriving user-friendly, closed-form, optimal reinsurance policies and their parameter values.

Suggested Citation

  • Wenjun Jiang & Jiandong Ren & Ričardas Zitikis, 2017. "Optimal Reinsurance Policies under the VaR Risk Measure When the Interests of Both the Cedent and the Reinsurer Are Taken into Account," Risks, MDPI, vol. 5(1), pages 1-22, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jrisks:v:5:y:2017:i:1:p:11-:d:89417
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9091/5/1/11/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9091/5/1/11/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Embrechts, Paul & Puccetti, Giovanni, 2006. "Bounds for functions of multivariate risks," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 97(2), pages 526-547, February.
    2. Furman, Edward & Zitikis, Ricardas, 2008. "Weighted premium calculation principles," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 42(1), pages 459-465, February.
    3. Carole Bernard & Weidong Tian, 2009. "Optimal Reinsurance Arrangements Under Tail Risk Measures," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 76(3), pages 709-725, September.
    4. Assa, Hirbod, 2015. "On optimal reinsurance policy with distortion risk measures and premiums," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 70-75.
    5. Borch, Karl, 1960. "Reciprocal Reinsurance Treaties," ASTIN Bulletin, Cambridge University Press, vol. 1(4), pages 170-191, December.
    6. Cai, Jun & Tan, Ken Seng, 2007. "Optimal Retention for a Stop-loss Reinsurance Under the VaR and CTE Risk Measures," ASTIN Bulletin, Cambridge University Press, vol. 37(1), pages 93-112, May.
    7. Borch, Karl, 1969. "The optimal reinsurance treaty," ASTIN Bulletin, Cambridge University Press, vol. 5(2), pages 293-297, May.
    8. Chi, Yichun & Tan, Ken Seng, 2011. "Optimal Reinsurance under VaR and CVaR Risk Measures: a Simplified Approach," ASTIN Bulletin, Cambridge University Press, vol. 41(2), pages 487-509, November.
    9. Edward Furman & Ričardas Zitikis, 2009. "Weighted Pricing Functionals With Applications to Insurance," North American Actuarial Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(4), pages 483-496.
    10. Cai, Jun & Lemieux, Christiane & Liu, Fangda, 2016. "Optimal Reinsurance From The Perspectives Of Both An Insurer And A Reinsurer," ASTIN Bulletin, Cambridge University Press, vol. 46(3), pages 815-849, September.
    11. Dhaene, J. & Denuit, M. & Goovaerts, M. J. & Kaas, R. & Vyncke, D., 2002. "The concept of comonotonicity in actuarial science and finance: theory," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 31(1), pages 3-33, August.
    12. A. Y. Golubin, 2006. "Pareto‐Optimal Insurance Policies in the Models with a Premium Based on the Actuarial Value," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 73(3), pages 469-487, September.
    13. Dhaene, J. & Denuit, M. & Goovaerts, M. J. & Kaas, R. & Vyncke, D., 2002. "The concept of comonotonicity in actuarial science and finance: applications," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 31(2), pages 133-161, October.
    14. Cai, Jun & Tan, Ken Seng & Weng, Chengguo & Zhang, Yi, 2008. "Optimal reinsurance under VaR and CTE risk measures," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 43(1), pages 185-196, August.
    15. Dimitrova, Dimitrina S. & Kaishev, Vladimir K., 2010. "Optimal joint survival reinsurance: An efficient frontier approach," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 47(1), pages 27-35, August.
    16. Kaishev, Vladimir K. & Dimitrova, Dimitrina S., 2006. "Excess of loss reinsurance under joint survival optimality," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 39(3), pages 376-389, December.
    17. Jun Cai & Ying Fang & Zhi Li & Gordon E. Willmot, 2013. "Optimal Reciprocal Reinsurance Treaties Under the Joint Survival Probability and the Joint Profitable Probability," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 80(1), pages 145-168, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ambrose Lo & Zhaofeng Tang, 2019. "Pareto-optimal reinsurance policies in the presence of individual risk constraints," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 274(1), pages 395-423, March.
    2. Chen Li & Xiaohu Li, 2018. "On the Optimal Risk Sharing in Reinsurance with Random Recovery Rate," Risks, MDPI, vol. 6(4), pages 1-16, October.
    3. Jiang, Wenjun & Hong, Hanping & Ren, Jiandong, 2021. "Pareto-optimal reinsurance policies with maximal synergy," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 185-198.
    4. Khreshna Syuhada & Arief Hakim & Suci Sari, 2021. "The Combined Stop-Loss and Quota-Share Reinsurance: Conditional Tail Expectation-Based Optimization from the Joint Perspective of Insurer and Reinsurer," Risks, MDPI, vol. 9(7), pages 1-21, July.
    5. Cai, Jun & Liu, Haiyan & Wang, Ruodu, 2017. "Pareto-optimal reinsurance arrangements under general model settings," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 24-37.
    6. Boonen, Tim J. & Jiang, Wenjun, 2022. "A marginal indemnity function approach to optimal reinsurance under the Vajda condition," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 303(2), pages 928-944.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Cai, Jun & Liu, Haiyan & Wang, Ruodu, 2017. "Pareto-optimal reinsurance arrangements under general model settings," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 24-37.
    2. Cheung, Ka Chun & He, Wanting & Wang, He, 2023. "Multi-constrained optimal reinsurance model from the duality perspectives," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 199-214.
    3. Jiang, Wenjun & Hong, Hanping & Ren, Jiandong, 2021. "Pareto-optimal reinsurance policies with maximal synergy," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 185-198.
    4. Amir T. Payandeh-Najafabadi & Ali Panahi-Bazaz, 2017. "An Optimal Combination of Proportional and Stop-Loss Reinsurance Contracts From Insurer's and Reinsurer's Viewpoints," Papers 1701.05450, arXiv.org.
    5. Ambrose Lo & Zhaofeng Tang, 2019. "Pareto-optimal reinsurance policies in the presence of individual risk constraints," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 274(1), pages 395-423, March.
    6. Jianfa Cong & Ken Tan, 2016. "Optimal VaR-based risk management with reinsurance," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 237(1), pages 177-202, February.
    7. Jianfa Cong & Ken Seng Tan, 2016. "Optimal VaR-based risk management with reinsurance," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 237(1), pages 177-202, February.
    8. Cui, Wei & Yang, Jingping & Wu, Lan, 2013. "Optimal reinsurance minimizing the distortion risk measure under general reinsurance premium principles," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 53(1), pages 74-85.
    9. Mi Chen & Wenyuan Wang & Ruixing Ming, 2016. "Optimal Reinsurance Under General Law-Invariant Convex Risk Measure and TVaR Premium Principle," Risks, MDPI, vol. 4(4), pages 1-12, December.
    10. Chi, Yichun & Weng, Chengguo, 2013. "Optimal reinsurance subject to Vajda condition," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 53(1), pages 179-189.
    11. Chi, Yichun, 2012. "Optimal reinsurance under variance related premium principles," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(2), pages 310-321.
    12. Chi, Yichun & Tan, Ken Seng, 2013. "Optimal reinsurance with general premium principles," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 52(2), pages 180-189.
    13. Chi, Yichun, 2018. "Insurance choice under third degree stochastic dominance," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 198-205.
    14. Cheung, Ka Chun & Yam, Sheung Chi Phillip & Zhang, Yiying, 2019. "Risk-adjusted Bowley reinsurance under distorted probabilities," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 64-72.
    15. Khreshna Syuhada & Arief Hakim & Suci Sari, 2021. "The Combined Stop-Loss and Quota-Share Reinsurance: Conditional Tail Expectation-Based Optimization from the Joint Perspective of Insurer and Reinsurer," Risks, MDPI, vol. 9(7), pages 1-21, July.
    16. Cheung, K.C. & Chong, W.F. & Yam, S.C.P., 2015. "Convex ordering for insurance preferences," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 409-416.
    17. Asimit, Alexandru V. & Badescu, Alexandru M. & Cheung, Ka Chun, 2013. "Optimal reinsurance in the presence of counterparty default risk," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 53(3), pages 690-697.
    18. Lu, ZhiYi & Meng, LiLi & Wang, Yujin & Shen, Qingjie, 2016. "Optimal reinsurance under VaR and TVaR risk measures in the presence of reinsurer’s risk limit," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 92-100.
    19. Cheung, Ka Chun & Phillip Yam, Sheung Chi & Yuen, Fei Lung & Zhang, Yiying, 2020. "Concave distortion risk minimizing reinsurance design under adverse selection," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 155-165.
    20. Balbás, Alejandro & Balbás, Beatriz & Balbás, Raquel & Heras, Antonio, 2022. "Risk transference constraints in optimal reinsurance," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 27-40.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jrisks:v:5:y:2017:i:1:p:11-:d:89417. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.