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Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Two Different Oyster ( Crassostrea gigas ) Farming Strategies in the Sacca di Goro, Northern Adriatic Sea, Italy

Author

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  • Daniela Summa

    (Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
    Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17/19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy)

  • Edoardo Turolla

    (Istituto Delta Ecologia Applicata, 44124 Ferrara, Italy)

  • Mattia Lanzoni

    (Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy)

  • Elena Tamisari

    (Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy)

  • Giuseppe Castaldelli

    (Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy)

  • Elena Tamburini

    (Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy)

Abstract

The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas is one of the world’s most cultivated and prized molluscs. Although it is usually considered a luxury product, it meets all the requirements to be included in a sustainable diet, and its production and consumption have great potential for growth in the coming years. Oyster farming is a worldwide activity, with China and France as the main producers, but recently, the possibility of implementing the Italian production, mainly focused on clams and mussels, has been considered an interesting issue, especially due to the growing local and global demand. The present study has been carried out by collecting data from the Sacca di Goro, north-east Italy, the most important national mollusc farming area. Life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology was applied to two different farming scenarios in order to improve the overall sustainability of the process. Using OpenLCA™ software (GreenDelta, Berlin, Germany) and the ReCiPe ® midpoint (H) v.1.12 method, the environmental impacts of the traditional Italian farming technique, carried out entirely offshore in longlines, and the alternative option, in which the oyster seed pre-fattening phase was carried out in the lagoon, were calculated and compared. The results show that replacing the current pre-fattening phase with pre-fattening in a lagoon reduces CO 2 emissions by approximately 12% and all other impact categories by approximately 9%. In addition, non-recyclable plastic materials and fuel consumption emerged as the main environmental hotspots.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniela Summa & Edoardo Turolla & Mattia Lanzoni & Elena Tamisari & Giuseppe Castaldelli & Elena Tamburini, 2023. "Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Two Different Oyster ( Crassostrea gigas ) Farming Strategies in the Sacca di Goro, Northern Adriatic Sea, Italy," Resources, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-14, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jresou:v:12:y:2023:i:6:p:62-:d:1153991
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Elena Tamburini & Elisa Anna Fano & Giuseppe Castaldelli & Edoardo Turolla, 2019. "Life Cycle Assessment of Oyster Farming in the Po Delta, Northern Italy," Resources, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-17, October.
    2. Marzano, Annalisa, 2013. "Harvesting the Sea: The Exploitation of Marine Resources in the Roman Mediterranean," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780199675623.
    3. Edoardo Turolla & Giuseppe Castaldelli & Elisa Anna Fano & Elena Tamburini, 2020. "Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Proves that Manila Clam Farming ( Ruditapes Philippinarum ) is a Fully Sustainable Aquaculture Practice and a Carbon Sink," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(13), pages 1-12, June.
    4. Elena Tamburini & Edoardo Turolla & Elisa Anna Fano & Giuseppe Castaldelli, 2020. "Sustainability of Mussel ( Mytilus Galloprovincialis ) Farming in the Po River Delta, Northern Italy, Based on a Life Cycle Assessment Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-18, May.
    5. Daniela Summa & Mattia Lanzoni & Giuseppe Castaldelli & Elisa Anna Fano & Elena Tamburini, 2022. "Trends and Opportunities of Bivalve Shells’ Waste Valorization in a Prospect of Circular Blue Bioeconomy," Resources, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-16, May.
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    1. Bashir Bashiri & Janna Cropotova & Kristine Kvangarsnes & Olga Gavrilova & Raivo Vilu, 2024. "Environmental and Economic Life Cycle Assessment of Enzymatic Hydrolysis-Based Fish Protein and Oil Extraction," Resources, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-13, April.

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