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Comparison of Effects of Chemical and Food Waste-Derived Fertilizers on the Growth and Nutrient Content of Lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.)

Author

Listed:
  • Sang-Mo Kang

    (Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea)

  • Arjun Adhikari

    (Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea)

  • Dibya Bhatta

    (Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea)

  • Ho-Jun Gam

    (Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea)

  • Min-Ji Gim

    (Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea)

  • Joon-Ik Son

    (Seyen Company, Limited, Kyungsan 38561, Korea)

  • Jin Y. Shin

    (Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Medgar Evers College, The City University of New York, 1638 Bedford Avenue Brooklyn, New York, NY 11225, USA)

  • In-Jung Lee

    (Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea)

Abstract

The current high rate of food waste production, concomitant with the global increase in population and food demand, has adverse effects on environmental and socio-economic conditions. However, food waste has been shown to be an efficient and safe source of fertilizer in agriculture practice. Moreover, minimizing the application of chemical fertilizers is a goal of sustainable agriculture. Considering these facts, we aimed to compare the effect of chemical fertilizer (CF-3,8 g·pot −1 ) and different doses of mixed food waste-derived fertilizer (MF-10.6 g·pot −1 ), two-fold MF (MF × 2), four-fold MF (MF × 4), and six-fold MF (MF × 6) in a popular salad crop, Lactuca sativa (lettuce). Our results showed the growth rates of lettuce plants receiving CF, MF, and MF×2 applications were essentially the same; however, plant biomass significantly dropped with MF × 6 treatment. The CF, MF, and MF × 2 treatments enhanced the chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence, and photosynthetic rate of the plants and improved transpiration efficiency and stomatal conductance. With respect to mineral elements, the K + content was significantly enhanced with MF × 2 and MF × 4 treatment, whereas MF × 6-treated plants showed lower concentrations of Ca, P, Mg, and K + as well as higher Na + concentration. Biochemical analysis showed the elevation of abscisic acid level with increasing dose of MF, except in the MF × 6 treatment. The level of super oxide dismutase (SOD) dropped with CF treatment, was unchanged with MF, and significantly increased in MF×2 and MF × 4 treated plants. Subsequently, higher flavonoid content was observed in MF×2 and MF×4 plants. The current results demonstrate the potential of food waste as a source of organic fertilizer and a significant substitute for chemical fertilizer in the conventional agricultural practice driven by high production cost and environmental pollution.

Suggested Citation

  • Sang-Mo Kang & Arjun Adhikari & Dibya Bhatta & Ho-Jun Gam & Min-Ji Gim & Joon-Ik Son & Jin Y. Shin & In-Jung Lee, 2022. "Comparison of Effects of Chemical and Food Waste-Derived Fertilizers on the Growth and Nutrient Content of Lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.)," Resources, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-12, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jresou:v:11:y:2022:i:2:p:21-:d:746944
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Happy Anita Appiah Kubi & Muhammad Aaqil Khan & Arjun Adhikari & Muhammad Imran & Sang-Mo Kang & Muhammad Hamayun & In-Jung Lee, 2021. "Silicon and Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas psychrotolerans CS51 Mitigates Salt Stress in Zea mays L," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-15, March.
    2. K. M. Atikur Rahman & Dunfu Zhang, 2018. "Effects of Fertilizer Broadcasting on the Excessive Use of Inorganic Fertilizers and Environmental Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-15, March.
    3. Simon Kizito & Hongzhen Luo & Jiaxin Lu & Hamidou Bah & Renjie Dong & Shubiao Wu, 2019. "Role of Nutrient-Enriched Biochar as a Soil Amendment during Maize Growth: Exploring Practical Alternatives to Recycle Agricultural Residuals and to Reduce Chemical Fertilizer Demand," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-22, June.
    4. Alon Tal, 2018. "Making Conventional Agriculture Environmentally Friendly: Moving beyond the Glorification of Organic Agriculture and the Demonization of Conventional Agriculture," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-17, April.
    5. Chiew, Yoon Lin & Spångberg, Johanna & Baky, Andras & Hansson, Per-Anders & Jönsson, Håkan, 2015. "Environmental impact of recycling digested food waste as a fertilizer in agriculture—A case study," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 1-14.
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