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Hybrid Nanofluid Flow over a Permeable Shrinking Sheet Embedded in a Porous Medium with Radiation and Slip Impacts

Author

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  • Shahirah Abu Bakar

    (Institute for Mathematical Research, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Norihan Md Arifin

    (Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Najiyah Safwa Khashi’ie

    (Fakulti Teknologi Kejuruteraan Mekanikal dan Pembuatan, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka 76100, Malaysia
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Norfifah Bachok

    (Institute for Mathematical Research, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
    Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

Abstract

The study of hybrid nanofluid and its thermophysical properties is emerging since the early of 2000s and the purpose of this paper is to investigate the flow of hybrid nanofluid over a permeable Darcy porous medium with slip, radiation and shrinking sheet. Here, the hybrid nanofluid consists of Cu/water as the base nanofluid and Al 2 O 3 –Cu/water works as the two distinct fluids. The governing ordinary differential equations (ODEs) obtained in this study are converted from a series of partial differential equations (PDEs) by the appropriate use of similarity transformation. Two methods of shooting and bvp4c function are applied to solve the involving physical parameters over the hybrid nanofluid flow. From this study, we conclude that the non-uniqueness of solutions exists through a range of the shrinking parameter, which produces the problem of finding a bigger solution than any other between the upper and lower branches. From the analysis, one can observe the increment of heat transfer rate in hybrid nanofluid versus the traditional nanofluid. The results obtained by the stability of solutions prove that the upper solution (first branch) is stable and the lower solution (second branch) is not stable.

Suggested Citation

  • Shahirah Abu Bakar & Norihan Md Arifin & Najiyah Safwa Khashi’ie & Norfifah Bachok, 2021. "Hybrid Nanofluid Flow over a Permeable Shrinking Sheet Embedded in a Porous Medium with Radiation and Slip Impacts," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-14, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:9:y:2021:i:8:p:878-:d:537238
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Saidur, R. & Leong, K.Y. & Mohammad, H.A., 2011. "A review on applications and challenges of nanofluids," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(3), pages 1646-1668, April.
    2. Sundar, L. Syam & Sharma, K.V. & Singh, Manoj K. & Sousa, A.C.M., 2017. "Hybrid nanofluids preparation, thermal properties, heat transfer and friction factor – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 68(P1), pages 185-198.
    3. Anuar Jamaludin & Roslinda Nazar & Ioan Pop, 2019. "Mixed Convection Stagnation-Point Flow of a Nanofluid Past a Permeable Stretching/Shrinking Sheet in the Presence of Thermal Radiation and Heat Source/Sink," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-20, February.
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