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A Global Analysis of Delayed SARS-CoV-2/Cancer Model with Immune Response

Author

Listed:
  • Afnan Al Agha

    (Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia)

  • Safiya Alshehaiween

    (Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, P.O. Box 344, Medina 42353, Saudi Arabia)

  • Ahmed Elaiw

    (Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
    Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71511, Egypt)

  • Matuka Alshaikh

    (Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. It appeared in China in late 2019 and rapidly spread to most countries of the world. Cancer patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 are at higher risk of developing severe infection and death. This risk increases further in the presence of lymphopenia affecting the lymphocytes count. Here, we develop a delayed within-host SARS-CoV-2/cancer model. The model describes the occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in cancer patients and its effect on the functionality of immune responses. The model considers the time delays that affect the growth rates of healthy epithelial cells and cancer cells. We provide a detailed analysis of the model by proving the nonnegativity and boundedness of the solutions, finding steady states, and showing the global stability of the different steady states. We perform numerical simulations to highlight some important observations. The results indicate that increasing the time delay in the growth rate of cancer cells reduced the size of tumors and decreased the likelihood of deterioration in the condition of SARS-CoV-2/cancer patients. On the other hand, lymphopenia increased the concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 particles and cancer cells, which worsened the condition of the patient.

Suggested Citation

  • Afnan Al Agha & Safiya Alshehaiween & Ahmed Elaiw & Matuka Alshaikh, 2021. "A Global Analysis of Delayed SARS-CoV-2/Cancer Model with Immune Response," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-27, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:9:y:2021:i:11:p:1283-:d:568156
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Roman Wölfel & Victor M. Corman & Wolfgang Guggemos & Michael Seilmaier & Sabine Zange & Marcel A. Müller & Daniela Niemeyer & Terry C. Jones & Patrick Vollmar & Camilla Rothe & Michael Hoelscher & To, 2020. "Author Correction: Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019," Nature, Nature, vol. 588(7839), pages 35-35, December.
    2. Roman Wölfel & Victor M. Corman & Wolfgang Guggemos & Michael Seilmaier & Sabine Zange & Marcel A. Müller & Daniela Niemeyer & Terry C. Jones & Patrick Vollmar & Camilla Rothe & Michael Hoelscher & To, 2020. "Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019," Nature, Nature, vol. 581(7809), pages 465-469, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Omame, Andrew & Abbas, Mujahid, 2023. "Modeling SARS-CoV-2 and HBV co-dynamics with optimal control," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 615(C).

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