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Validity Evidence for the Internal Structure of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey: A Comparison between Classical CFA Model and the ESEM and the Bifactor Models

Author

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  • Raimundo Aguayo-Estremera

    (Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Campus de Somosaguas, Ctra. De Húmera, s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain)

  • Gustavo R. Cañadas

    (Department of Didactic of Mathematics, Faculty of Education Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain)

  • Elena Ortega-Campos

    (CEINSA-UAL, Universidad de Almería, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120 Almería, Spain)

  • Tania Ariza

    (Department of Educational Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Education, Universidad Internacional de la Rioja, Av. De la Paz, 137, 26006 Logroño, Spain)

  • Emilia Inmaculada De la Fuente-Solana

    (Brain, Mind and Behaviour Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain)

Abstract

Academic burnout is a psychological problem characterized by three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. This paper studies the internal structure of the MBI-SS, the most widely used instrument to assess burnout in students. The bifactor model and the ESEM approach have been proposed as alternatives, capable of overcoming the classical techniques of CFA to address this issue. Our study considers the internal structure of the MBI-SS by testing the models most frequently referenced in the literature, along with the bifactor model and the ESEM. After determining which model best fits the data, we calculate the most appropriate reliability index. In addition, we examined the validity evidence using other variables, namely the concurrent relationships with depression, anxiety, neuroticism, and conscientiousness, and the discriminant relationships with the dimensions of engagement, extraversion, and agreeableness. The results obtained indicate that the internal structure of the MBI-SS is well reflected by the three-factor congeneric oblique model, reaching good values of reliability and convergent and discriminant validity. Therefore, when the scale is used in applied contexts, we recommend considering the total scores obtained for each of the dimensions. Finally, we recommend using the omega coefficient and not the alpha coefficient as an estimator of reliability.

Suggested Citation

  • Raimundo Aguayo-Estremera & Gustavo R. Cañadas & Elena Ortega-Campos & Tania Ariza & Emilia Inmaculada De la Fuente-Solana, 2023. "Validity Evidence for the Internal Structure of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey: A Comparison between Classical CFA Model and the ESEM and the Bifactor Models," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-21, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:11:y:2023:i:6:p:1515-:d:1103014
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lee Cronbach, 1951. "Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 16(3), pages 297-334, September.
    2. Wilmar Schaufeli & Marisa Salanova & Vicente González-romá & Arnold Bakker, 2002. "The Measurement of Engagement and Burnout: A Two Sample Confirmatory Factor Analytic Approach," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 3(1), pages 71-92, March.
    3. Rosseel, Yves, 2012. "lavaan: An R Package for Structural Equation Modeling," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 48(i02).
    4. Raimundo Aguayo & Gustavo R. Cañadas & Latifa Assbaa-Kaddouri & Guillermo A. Cañadas-De la Fuente & Lucía Ramírez-Baena & Elena Ortega-Campos, 2019. "A Risk Profile of Sociodemographic Factors in the Onset of Academic Burnout Syndrome in a Sample of University Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-10, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Elena Ortega-Campos & Gustavo R. Cañadas & Raimundo Aguayo-Estremera & Tania Ariza & Carolina S. Monsalve-Reyes & Nora Suleiman-Martos & Emilia I. De la Fuente-Solana, 2023. "Evaluation of Convergent, Discriminant, and Criterion Validity of the Cuestionario Burnout Granada-University Students," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(15), pages 1-16, July.
    2. Iván Sánchez-Iglesias, 2023. "The “Why” in Mental Health, Stigma, and Addictive Behaviors: Causal Inferences in Applied Settings," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(20), pages 1-7, October.

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