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A Novel Improved GSA-BPSO Driven PID Controller for Load Frequency Control of Multi-Source Deregulated Power System

Author

Listed:
  • Ajay Kumar

    (School of Electrical Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar 751024, India)

  • Deepak Kumar Gupta

    (School of Electrical Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar 751024, India)

  • Sriparna Roy Ghatak

    (School of Electrical Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar 751024, India)

  • Bhargav Appasani

    (School of Electronics Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar 751024, India)

  • Nicu Bizon

    (Faculty of Electronics, Communication and Computers, University of Pitesti, 110040 Pitesti, Romania
    ICSI Energy, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania
    Doctoral School, Polytechnic University of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania)

  • Phatiphat Thounthong

    (Renewable Energy Research Centre (RERC), Faculty of Technical Education, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, 1518 Pracharat 1 Road, Wongsawang, Bangsue, Bangkok 10800, Thailand
    Group of Research in Electrical Engineering of Nancy (GREEN), University of Lorraine-GREEN, 54052 Nancy, France)

Abstract

In this paper, a novel improved gravitational search algorithm–binary particle swarm optimization (IGSA-BPSO) driven proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller is proposed to deal with issues of automatic generation control (AGC) of interconnected multi-source (thermal-hydro-gas) multi-area deregulated power systems. The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed controller is compared and analyzed with GSA and PSO-driven PID controllers. The simulated and mathematically formulated results show the superiority of the proposed IGSA-BPSO driven PID controller compared with the other two techniques in settling time, overshoot, and convergence time. The two-area test system considered in this article is integrated with a thermal, hydro, and gas turbine power plant. Integral time multiplied by absolute error (ITAE) is used as the objective function (minimization) by optimization techniques for getting optimum parameters of PID controllers installed in each area. The system’s dynamics are examined using poolco, bilateral, and contract violation cases under a deregulated environment, and the comparative results are shown to analyze the efficacy of the proposed concept. Physical constraints such as generation rate constraints (GRC) and time-delay (TD) have been considered in the system as a realistic approach. This paper considers an accurate AC-DC tie-link model for the proposed AGC mechanism. Dynamic load change condition is tested and verified. The variations of different parameters will be used in the robustness analysis of the proposed system. The comparison shows that the designed controllers are more robust and produce better results than those considered as references.

Suggested Citation

  • Ajay Kumar & Deepak Kumar Gupta & Sriparna Roy Ghatak & Bhargav Appasani & Nicu Bizon & Phatiphat Thounthong, 2022. "A Novel Improved GSA-BPSO Driven PID Controller for Load Frequency Control of Multi-Source Deregulated Power System," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(18), pages 1-41, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:10:y:2022:i:18:p:3255-:d:909312
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. T. Dharma Raj & C. Kumar & Panos Kotsampopoulos & Hady H. Fayek, 2023. "Load Frequency Control in Two-Area Multi-Source Power System Using Bald Eagle-Sparrow Search Optimization Tuned PID Controller," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-25, February.

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