IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jlands/v10y2021i7p701-d587467.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Net Ecosystem Exchange of Carbon Dioxide in Rice-Spring Wheat System of Northwestern Indo-Gangetic Plains

Author

Listed:
  • Amit Kumar

    (Center for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture (CESCRA), ICAR-IARI, New Delhi 110012, India
    Central Muga Eri Research and Training Institute Lahdoigarh, Jorhat 785700, India)

  • Arti Bhatia

    (Center for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture (CESCRA), ICAR-IARI, New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Vinay Kumar Sehgal

    (Agricultural Physics, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Ritu Tomer

    (Center for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture (CESCRA), ICAR-IARI, New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Niveta Jain

    (Center for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture (CESCRA), ICAR-IARI, New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Himanshu Pathak

    (IVCAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati 413115, India)

Abstract

Rice growing under anaerobic conditions followed by spring wheat under an aerobic environment differentially impact the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of carbon dioxide (CO2) in rice-wheat systems of the north-western Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP). This is the first estimation of the NEE in a rice-spring wheat sequence via the eddy covariance technique in the north-western Indo-Gangetic Plains, which was partitioned into gross primary productivity (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (RE) and correlated with the environmental variables. Higher CO 2 uptake of −10.43 g C m −2 d −1 was observed in wheat during heading as compared to −7.12 g C m −2 d −1 in rice. The net uptake of CO 2 was 25% lower in rice. The average daily NEE over the crop season was −3.74 and −5.01 g C m −2 d −1 in rice and wheat, respectively. The RE varied from 0.07–9.00 g C m −2 d −1 in rice and from 0.05–7.09 g C m −2 d −1 in wheat. The RE was positively correlated with soil temperature at 5 cm depth (0.543, p < 0.01) in rice and with air temperature (0.294, p < 0.01) in wheat. The GPP was positively correlated with air temperature (0.129, p < 0.05) and negatively correlated with vapor pressure deficit (VPD) (−0.315, p < 0.01) in rice. In wheat, GPP was positively correlated with air temperature (0.444, p < 0.01) and soil moisture (0.471, p < 0.01). The rate of GPP over the crop duration was nearly the same in both rice and wheat, however, the RE was higher in rice as compared to wheat, thus, the ratio of cumulative RE/GPP was 0.51 in rice and much lower at 0.34 in spring wheat. Rice contributed 46% and 43% to the annual totals of RE and GPP, respectively, while spring wheat contributed 36% and 51%. The NEE of CO 2 was higher in spring wheat at −576 g C m −2 d −1 as compared to −368 g C m −2 in rice. Thus, while estimating the carbon sink potential in the intensively cultivated northern IGP, we need to consider that spring wheat may be a moderately stronger sink of CO 2 as compared to rice in the rice-wheat system.

Suggested Citation

  • Amit Kumar & Arti Bhatia & Vinay Kumar Sehgal & Ritu Tomer & Niveta Jain & Himanshu Pathak, 2021. "Net Ecosystem Exchange of Carbon Dioxide in Rice-Spring Wheat System of Northwestern Indo-Gangetic Plains," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-19, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:10:y:2021:i:7:p:701-:d:587467
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/10/7/701/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/10/7/701/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Joeri Rogelj & Piers M. Forster & Elmar Kriegler & Christopher J. Smith & Roland Séférian, 2019. "Estimating and tracking the remaining carbon budget for stringent climate targets," Nature, Nature, vol. 571(7765), pages 335-342, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. López, Luis-Antonio & Arce, Guadalupe & Cadarso, María-Ángeles & Ortiz, Mateo & Zafrilla, Jorge, 2023. "The global dissemination to multinationals of the carbon emissions ruling on Shell," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 406-416.
    2. Yuhanis Ladewi & Meiryani Meiryani & Ahmad Syamil & Agustini Agustini & Agustinus Winoto, 2024. "The Relation between Climate Change and Carbon Emission Trading: A Bibliometric Analysis," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 14(1), pages 686-697, January.
    3. Ilaria Perissi & Aled Jones, 2024. "An Emissions Offset Strategy to Accomplish 2 °C Long-Term Mitigation Goals in the European Union," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-13, June.
    4. Tinta, Abdoulganiour Almame, 2023. "Energy substitution in Africa: Cross-regional differentiation effects," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PA).
    5. Wifo, 2019. "WIFO-Monatsberichte, Heft 7/2019," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 92(7), July.
    6. Qi Fu & Mengfan Gao & Yue Wang & Tinghui Wang & Xu Bi & Jinhua Chen, 2022. "Spatiotemporal Patterns and Drivers of the Carbon Budget in the Yangtze River Delta Region, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-18, August.
    7. Lorenzo Pellegrini & Murat Arsel & Gorka Muñoa & Guillem Rius-Taberner & Carlos Mena & Martí Orta-Martínez, 2024. "The atlas of unburnable oil for supply-side climate policies," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-13, December.
    8. Shinichiro Asayama, 2021. "Threshold, budget and deadline: beyond the discourse of climate scarcity and control," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 167(3), pages 1-16, August.
    9. Yang Ou & Christopher Roney & Jameel Alsalam & Katherine Calvin & Jared Creason & Jae Edmonds & Allen A. Fawcett & Page Kyle & Kanishka Narayan & Patrick O’Rourke & Pralit Patel & Shaun Ragnauth & Ste, 2021. "Deep mitigation of CO2 and non-CO2 greenhouse gases toward 1.5 °C and 2 °C futures," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-9, December.
    10. Cai, Wei & Wang, Lianguo & Li, Li & Xie, Jun & Jia, Shun & Zhang, Xugang & Jiang, Zhigang & Lai, Kee-hung, 2022. "A review on methods of energy performance improvement towards sustainable manufacturing from perspectives of energy monitoring, evaluation, optimization and benchmarking," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    11. Jatin Nathwani & Niels Lind & Ortwin Renn & Hans Joachim Schellnhuber, 2021. "Balancing Health, Economy and Climate Risk in a Multi-Crisis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-13, July.
    12. Matteo Giacomo Prina & Giampaolo Manzolini & David Moser & Roberto Vaccaro & Wolfram Sparber, 2020. "Multi-Objective Optimization Model EPLANopt for Energy Transition Analysis and Comparison with Climate-Change Scenarios," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-22, June.
    13. Sander Chan & Thomas Hale & Andrew Deneault & Manish Shrivastava & Kennedy Mbeva & Victoria Chengo & Joanes Atela, 2022. "Assessing the effectiveness of orchestrated climate action from five years of summits," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 12(7), pages 628-633, July.
    14. Stubenrauch, Jessica & Garske, Beatrice, 2023. "Forest protection in the EU's renewable energy directive and nature conservation legislation in light of the climate and biodiversity crisis – Identifying legal shortcomings and solutions," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 153(C).
    15. Tao, Yiheng & Liang, Haiming & Celia, Michael A., 2020. "Electric power development associated with the Belt and Road Initiative and its carbon emissions implications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 267(C).
    16. Wang, Junya & Zhao, Qinfang & Ning, Ping & Wen, Shikun, 2024. "Greenhouse gas contribution and emission reduction potential prediction of China's aluminum industry," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    17. Siying Chen & Zhixiong Tan & Xingwang He & Lichen Zhang, 2023. "The Measurements and Analysis of Spatial-Temporal Variations of Human Development Index Based on Planetary Boundaries in China: Evidence from Provincial-Level Data," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-22, March.
    18. Hannouf, Marwa & Assefa, Getachew & Gates, Ian, 2021. "Carbon intensity threshold for Canadian oil sands industry using planetary boundaries: Is a sustainable carbon-negative industry possible?," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    19. Nicoletta Brazzola & Jan Wohland & Anthony Patt, 2021. "Offsetting unabated agricultural emissions with CO2 removal to achieve ambitious climate targets," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(3), pages 1-19, March.
    20. Tine S. Handeland & Oluf Langhelle, 2021. "A Petrostate’s Outlook on Low-Carbon Transitions: The Discursive Frames of Petroleum Policy in Norway," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-15, August.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:10:y:2021:i:7:p:701-:d:587467. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.