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The SHIELD Framework: Advancing Strength-Based Resilience Strategies to Combat Bullying and Cyberbullying in Youth

Author

Listed:
  • Stephanie F. Dailey

    (School of Education, Counseling Program, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA)

  • Rosellen R. Roche

    (School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA)

Abstract

Bullying and cyberbullying are critical global issues that significantly affect the mental health and behavioral well-being of youth. This article explores the complex challenges posed by these forms of aggression and introduces a strength-based model for health and mental health professionals to address these issues with impacted youth holistically. Grounded within findings from a scoping review of the literature, the SHIELD framework emphasizes Strengths, Healing, Interventions, Empowerment, Learning, and Development, offering a comprehensive approach for identifying and supporting youth impacted by bullying and cyberbullying. SHIELD emphasizes collaboration among health professionals, schools, families, and communities. By integrating empirical evidence and best practices from school-based approaches to bullying prevention, such as Positive Behavioral Interventions and Support (PBIS) and Social and Emotional Learning (SEL), this framework provides a roadmap for creating safer, more inclusive environments for youth while prioritizing their mental health and overall well-being in the face of bullying and cyberbullying. A case study illustrates the framework’s practical application and future directions are proposed to guide further empirical investigation and stimulate innovative approaches to addressing the complexities of bullying and cyberbullying.

Suggested Citation

  • Stephanie F. Dailey & Rosellen R. Roche, 2025. "The SHIELD Framework: Advancing Strength-Based Resilience Strategies to Combat Bullying and Cyberbullying in Youth," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 22(1), pages 1-30, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:22:y:2025:i:1:p:66-:d:1561382
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ching Kwan & Clifford Wong & Zhansheng Chen & Paul S. F. Yip, 2022. "Youth Bullying and Suicide: Risk and Protective Factor Profiles for Bullies, Victims, Bully-Victims and the Uninvolved," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-20, February.
    2. Pamela Tozzo & Oriana Cuman & Eleonora Moratto & Luciana Caenazzo, 2022. "Family and Educational Strategies for Cyberbullying Prevention: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-17, August.
    3. Sohni Siddiqui & Anja Schultze-Krumbholz, 2023. "Successful and Emerging Cyberbullying Prevention Programs: A Narrative Review of Seventeen Interventions Applied Worldwide," Societies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-25, September.
    4. Jinyu Huang & Zhaohao Zhong & Haoyuan Zhang & Liping Li, 2021. "Cyberbullying in Social Media and Online Games among Chinese College Students and Its Associated Factors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-12, April.
    5. Alessandro Liberati & Douglas G Altman & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Cynthia Mulrow & Peter C Gøtzsche & John P A Ioannidis & Mike Clarke & P J Devereaux & Jos Kleijnen & David Moher, 2009. "The PRISMA Statement for Reporting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Studies That Evaluate Health Care Interventions: Explanation and Elaboration," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-28, July.
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