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Sleep Quality between Nurses and the General Population during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Portugal: What Are the Differences?

Author

Listed:
  • Francisco Sampaio

    (Nursing School of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 830, 844, 856, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
    CINTESIS@RISE, Nursing School of Porto (ESEP), Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal)

  • Susana Gaspar

    (School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, R. Dr. José Correia Maltez, 7800-111 Beja, Portugal
    Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, Ed. Egas Moniz, Piso 0, Ala C, 1649-026 Lisboa, Portugal)

  • César Fonseca

    (Nursing Department, Universidade de Évora, Largo do Senhor da Pobreza, 7000-811 Évora, Portugal
    Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de Évora, Largo do Senhor da Pobreza, 7000-811 Évora, Portugal)

  • Manuel José Lopes

    (Nursing Department, Universidade de Évora, Largo do Senhor da Pobreza, 7000-811 Évora, Portugal
    Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de Évora, Largo do Senhor da Pobreza, 7000-811 Évora, Portugal)

  • Teresa Paiva

    (CENC—Sleep Medicine Center, Rua Conde das Antas, 5, 1070-068 Lisboa, Portugal
    Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, Ed. Egas Moniz, Piso 0, Ala C, 1649-026 Lisboa, Portugal
    Comprehensive Health Research Center, Nova Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua do Instituto Bacteriológico, 5, 1150-082 Lisboa, Portugal)

  • Lara Guedes de Pinho

    (Nursing Department, Universidade de Évora, Largo do Senhor da Pobreza, 7000-811 Évora, Portugal
    Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de Évora, Largo do Senhor da Pobreza, 7000-811 Évora, Portugal)

Abstract

Although several studies have described the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly on sleep quality, there are few studies that, in the same time period and using the same assessment tools, compare sleep quality and mental health status between nurses and the general population. Thus, the aim of this study was to (a) examine whether there were differences between nurses and the general population regarding sleep quality and mental health status during the COVID-19 pandemic and (b) identify which factors may explain sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic. To do that, we carried out a cross-sectional study in Portugal. Data were collected using an online survey platform during the first COVID-19 wave, from April to August 2020. Nurses presented poorer sleep quality than the general population, as well as higher anxiety levels. Irritability and worries about the future were two of the factors that might explain those differences. Thus, we can conclude that irritability and worries about the future are dimensions of anxiety that were associated with poor sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, it would be important to adopt regular anxiety and sleep assessments, particularly for nurses, and to implement strategies to reduce this problem.

Suggested Citation

  • Francisco Sampaio & Susana Gaspar & César Fonseca & Manuel José Lopes & Teresa Paiva & Lara Guedes de Pinho, 2023. "Sleep Quality between Nurses and the General Population during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Portugal: What Are the Differences?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(8), pages 1-10, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:8:p:5531-:d:1125109
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tânia Gaspar & Teresa Paiva & Margarida Gaspar Matos, 2022. "Ecological Model Explaining the Psychosocial Adaptation to COVID-19," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-15, April.
    2. Cuiyan Wang & Riyu Pan & Xiaoyang Wan & Yilin Tan & Linkang Xu & Cyrus S. Ho & Roger C. Ho, 2020. "Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-25, March.
    3. Lara Guedes de Pinho & Francisco Sampaio & Carlos Sequeira & Laetitia Teixeira & César Fonseca & Manuel José Lopes, 2021. "Portuguese Nurses’ Stress, Anxiety, and Depression Reduction Strategies during the COVID-19 Outbreak," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-11, March.
    4. Olivia H. Tousignant & Sarah W. Hopkins & Abigail M. Stark & Gary D. Fireman, 2021. "Psychological Wellbeing, Worry, and Resilience-Based Coping during COVID-19 in Relation to Sleep Quality," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-15, December.
    5. Pedro Silva Moreira & Sónia Ferreira & Beatriz Couto & Mafalda Machado-Sousa & Marcos Fernández & Catarina Raposo-Lima & Nuno Sousa & Maria Picó-Pérez & Pedro Morgado, 2021. "Protective Elements of Mental Health Status during the COVID-19 Outbreak in the Portuguese Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-10, February.
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