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Technological, Ecological, and Energy-Economic Aspects of Using Solidified Carbon Dioxide for Aerobic Granular Sludge Pre-Treatment Prior to Anaerobic Digestion

Author

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  • Joanna Kazimierowicz

    (Department of Water Supply and Sewage Systems, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Bialystok University of Technology, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland)

  • Marcin Dębowski

    (Department of Environment Engineering, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland)

  • Marcin Zieliński

    (Department of Environment Engineering, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland)

Abstract

The technology of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) seems prospective in wastewater bio-treatment. The characteristics as well as compactness and structure of AGS have been proved to significantly affect the effectiveness of thus far deployed methods for sewage sludge processing, including anaerobic digestion (AD). Therefore, it is deemed necessary to extend knowledge on the possibilities of efficient AGS management and to seek viable technological solutions for methane fermentation of sludge of this type, including by means of using the pre-treatment step. Little is known about the pre-treatment method with solidified carbon dioxide (SCO 2 ), which can be recovered in processes of biogas upgrading and enrichment, leading to biomethane production. This study aimed to determine the impact of AGS pre-treatment with SCO 2 on the efficiency of its AD. An energy balance and a simplified economic analysis of the process were also carried out. It was found that an increasing dose of SCO 2 applied in the pre-treatment increased the concentrations of COD, N-NH 4 + , and P-PO 4 3− in the supernatant in the range of the SCO 2 /AGS volume ratios from 0.0 to 0.3. No statistically significant differences were noted above the latter value. The highest unit yields of biogas and methane production, reaching 476 ± 20 cm 3 /gVS and 341 ± 13 cm 3 /gVS, respectively, were obtained in the variant with the SCO 2 /AGS ratio of 0.3. This experimental variant also produced the highest positive net energy gain, reaching 1047.85 ± 20 kWh/ton total solids (TS). The use of the higher than 0.3 SCO 2 doses was proved to significantly reduce the pH of AGS (below 6.5), thereby directly diminishing the percentage of methanogenic bacteria in the anaerobic bacterial community, which in turn contributed to a reduced CH 4 fraction in the biogas.

Suggested Citation

  • Joanna Kazimierowicz & Marcin Dębowski & Marcin Zieliński, 2023. "Technological, Ecological, and Energy-Economic Aspects of Using Solidified Carbon Dioxide for Aerobic Granular Sludge Pre-Treatment Prior to Anaerobic Digestion," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-21, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:5:p:4234-:d:1082015
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Marcin Zieliński & Marcin Dębowski & Joanna Kazimierowicz, 2021. "The Effect of Static Magnetic Field on Methanogenesis in the Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Sewage Sludge," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-16, January.
    2. Kumar, Atul & Samadder, S.R., 2020. "Performance evaluation of anaerobic digestion technology for energy recovery from organic fraction of municipal solid waste: A review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 197(C).
    3. Joanna Kazimierowicz & Marcin Dębowski, 2022. "Aerobic Granular Sludge as a Substrate in Anaerobic Digestion—Current Status and Perspectives," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-24, August.
    4. Joanna Kazimierowicz & Izabela Bartkowska & Maria Walery, 2020. "Effect of Low-Temperature Conditioning of Excess Dairy Sewage Sludge with the Use of Solidified Carbon Dioxide on the Efficiency of Methane Fermentation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-13, December.
    5. Jeong-Yoon Ahn & Soon-Woong Chang, 2021. "Effects of Sludge Concentration and Disintegration/Solubilization Pretreatment Methods on Increasing Anaerobic Biodegradation Efficiency and Biogas Production," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-13, November.
    6. Muhammad Jamil & Asif Iqbal & Ning He & Quentin Cheok, 2022. "Thermophysical Properties and Heat Transfer Performance of Novel Dry-Ice-Based Sustainable Hybrid Lubri-Coolant," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-21, February.
    7. Joanna Kazimierowicz & Marcin Dębowski & Marcin Zieliński, 2022. "Effect of Pharmaceutical Sludge Pre-Treatment with Fenton/Fenton-like Reagents on Toxicity and Anaerobic Digestion Efficiency," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-22, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Marcin Dębowski & Joanna Kazimierowicz & Anna Nowicka & Magda Dudek & Marcin Zieliński, 2024. "The Use of Hydrodynamic Cavitation to Improve the Anaerobic Digestion of Waste from Dairy Cattle Farming—From Laboratory Tests to Large-Scale Agricultural Biogas Plants," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-26, March.
    2. Marcin Dębowski & Marcin Zieliński & Joanna Kazimierowicz & Anna Nowicka & Magda Dudek, 2024. "Optimisation of Biogas Production in the Co-Digestion of Pre-Hydrodynamically Cavitated Aerobic Granular Sludge with Waste Fats," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-16, February.
    3. Marcin Zieliński & Marcin Dębowski & Joanna Kazimierowicz & Anna Nowicka & Magda Dudek, 2024. "Application of Hydrodynamic Cavitation in the Disintegration of Aerobic Granular Sludge—Evaluation of Pretreatment Time on Biomass Properties, Anaerobic Digestion Efficiency and Energy Balance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-17, January.

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