IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v20y2023i4p3509-d1071024.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Change in Time Perception Following the Place of Pre-Existence Technique

Author

Listed:
  • Andrea Pintimalli

    (Research Institute for Neuroscience, Education and Didactics, Patrizio Paoletti Foundation for Development and Communication, 06081 Assisi, Italy)

  • Joseph Glicksohn

    (Department of Criminology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
    The Leslie and Susan Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel)

  • Fabio Marson

    (Research Institute for Neuroscience, Education and Didactics, Patrizio Paoletti Foundation for Development and Communication, 06081 Assisi, Italy
    Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy)

  • Tania Di Giuseppe

    (Research Institute for Neuroscience, Education and Didactics, Patrizio Paoletti Foundation for Development and Communication, 06081 Assisi, Italy)

  • Tal Dotan Ben-Soussan

    (Research Institute for Neuroscience, Education and Didactics, Patrizio Paoletti Foundation for Development and Communication, 06081 Assisi, Italy)

Abstract

Time perception is closely related to spatial and bodily perception, yet little is known about how this interrelationship is impacted by meditation and biological sex. To examine this, we studied the effects of a stepwise application of three meditation techniques, from focused attention, to open monitoring to non-dual meditation, encompassed in the Place of Pre-Existence technique (PPEt) on the subjective perception of time, space and body using a pre–post research design. A total of 280 participants (mean age = 47.09 years; SD = 10.13; 127:153 males to females) completed the Subjective Time, Self, Space inventory before and after PPEt. Following PPEt, participants perceived time passing as slowing down, while time intensity, relaxation, ‘awareness of space’ and ‘awareness of body’ increased, suggesting heightened mindfulness to these constructs following the training. Awareness of space revealed to be modulated by biological sex and meditation expertise, with males showing a decrease of spatial awareness as a function of meditation expertise while females showed an opposite pattern. The speed and intensity of the experience of time both correlated with body and space awareness. In line with previous studies demonstrating a connection between relaxation and perception of time, a significant correlation was found between relaxation and the subjective experience of the intensity of time. The current results are discussed in the context of the embodied experience of time, and the Sphere Model of Consciousness.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrea Pintimalli & Joseph Glicksohn & Fabio Marson & Tania Di Giuseppe & Tal Dotan Ben-Soussan, 2023. "Change in Time Perception Following the Place of Pre-Existence Technique," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-19, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:4:p:3509-:d:1071024
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/4/3509/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/4/3509/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Michael J. Berry & Iman H. Brivanlou & Thomas A. Jordan & Markus Meister, 1999. "Anticipation of moving stimuli by the retina," Nature, Nature, vol. 398(6725), pages 334-338, March.
    2. Oksana Senyk & Volodymyr Abramov & Viktoriia Bedan & Alina Bunas & Marharyta Hrechkosii & Olena Lutsenko & Tetiana Mandzyk & Marc Wittmann, 2022. "Differences in Time Perspectives Measured under the Dramatically Changing Socioeconomic Conditions during the Ukrainian Political Crises in 2014/2015," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-12, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. John A. Gaynes & Samuel A. Budoff & Michael J. Grybko & Joshua B. Hunt & Alon Poleg-Polsky, 2022. "Classical center-surround receptive fields facilitate novel object detection in retinal bipolar cells," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-17, December.
    2. Matteo Saponati & Martin Vinck, 2023. "Sequence anticipation and spike-timing-dependent plasticity emerge from a predictive learning rule," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-13, December.
    3. Mina A Khoei & Guillaume S Masson & Laurent U Perrinet, 2017. "The Flash-Lag Effect as a Motion-Based Predictive Shift," PLOS Computational Biology, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(1), pages 1-31, January.
    4. Jason S Prentice & Olivier Marre & Mark L Ioffe & Adrianna R Loback & Gašper Tkačik & Michael J Berry II, 2016. "Error-Robust Modes of the Retinal Population Code," PLOS Computational Biology, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(11), pages 1-32, November.
    5. Gabriel D Puccini & Maria V Sanchez-Vives & Albert Compte, 2007. "Integrated Mechanisms of Anticipation and Rate-of-Change Computations in Cortical Circuits," PLOS Computational Biology, Public Library of Science, vol. 3(5), pages 1-13, May.
    6. Weston Cox & Brian J Fischer, 2015. "Optimal Prediction of Moving Sound Source Direction in the Owl," PLOS Computational Biology, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(7), pages 1-20, July.
    7. Roland W. Scholz, 2017. "Managing complexity: from visual perception to sustainable transitions—contributions of Brunswik’s Theory of Probabilistic Functionalism," Environment Systems and Decisions, Springer, vol. 37(4), pages 381-409, December.
    8. Jian K Liu & Tim Gollisch, 2015. "Spike-Triggered Covariance Analysis Reveals Phenomenological Diversity of Contrast Adaptation in the Retina," PLOS Computational Biology, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(7), pages 1-30, July.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:4:p:3509-:d:1071024. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.