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The Associations between Meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines (24-HMG) and Mental Health in Adolescents—Cross Sectional Evidence from China

Author

Listed:
  • Lin Luo

    (College of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
    Basic Education Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China)

  • Xiaojin Zeng

    (College of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China)

  • Yunxia Cao

    (College of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China)

  • Yulong Hu

    (College of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China)

  • Shaojing Wen

    (College of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China)

  • Kaiqi Tang

    (College of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China)

  • Lina Ding

    (College of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China)

  • Xiangfei Wang

    (Research Institute of Sports Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China)

  • Naiqing Song

    (Basic Education Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China)

Abstract

(1) Background: This study determined the prevalence of adolescents that meet 24-HMGs alone and in combination, and their association with the risk of developing adolescent anxiety and depression. (2) Methods: Participants were drawn from 9420 K8 grade adolescents (age 14.53 ± 0.69 years; 54.78% boys) from the China Education Tracking Survey (CEPS) 2014–2015 tracking data. Data on depression and anxiety were collected from the results of the questionnaire in the CEPS for the adolescent mental health test. Compliance with the 24-HMG was defined as: physical activity time (PA) ≥ 60 min/day was defined as meeting the PA. Screen time (ST) ≤ 120 min/day was defined as meeting the ST. Adolescents aged 13 years achieved 9–11 h of sleep per night and adolescents aged 14–17 years achieved 8–10 h of sleep per night, defined as meeting sleep. Logistic regression models were used to examine the association between meeting and not meeting the recommendations and the risk of depression and anxiety in adolescents. (3) Results: Of the sample studied, 0.71% of adolescents met all three recommendations, 13.54% met two recommendations and 57.05% met one recommendation. Meeting sleep, meeting PA+ sleep, meeting ST + sleep, and meeting PA + ST + sleep were associated with a significantly lower risk of anxiety and depression in adolescents. Logistic regression results showed that differences in the effects of gender on the odds ratio (ORs) for depression and anxiety in adolescents were not significant. (4) Conclusions: This study determined the risk of developing depression and anxiety in adolescents who met the recommendations for 24-HMG alone and in combination. Overall, meeting more of the recommendations in the 24-HMGs was associated with lower anxiety and depression risk outcomes in adolescents. For boys, reducing the risk of depression and anxiety can be prioritised by meeting PA + ST + sleep, meeting ST + sleep and meeting sleep in the 24-HMGs. For girls, reducing the risk of depression and anxiety may be preferred by meeting PA + ST + sleep or meeting PA+ sleep and meeting sleep in 24-HMGs. However, only a small proportion of adolescents met all recommendations, highlighting the need to promote and support adherence to these behaviours.

Suggested Citation

  • Lin Luo & Xiaojin Zeng & Yunxia Cao & Yulong Hu & Shaojing Wen & Kaiqi Tang & Lina Ding & Xiangfei Wang & Naiqing Song, 2023. "The Associations between Meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines (24-HMG) and Mental Health in Adolescents—Cross Sectional Evidence from China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-15, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:4:p:3167-:d:1065049
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hyunshik Kim & Jiameng Ma & Kenji Harada & Sunkyoung Lee & Ying Gu, 2020. "Associations between Adherence to Combinations of 24-h Movement Guidelines and Overweight and Obesity in Japanese Preschool Children," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-11, December.
    2. Li Ying & Xihe Zhu & Justin Haegele & Yang Wen, 2020. "Movement in High School: Proportion of Chinese Adolescents Meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-9, April.
    3. Jie Gong & Yi Lu & Hong Song, 2018. "The Effect of Teacher Gender on Students’ Academic and Noncognitive Outcomes," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 36(3), pages 743-778.
    4. Kar Hau Chong & Anne-Maree Parrish & Dylan P. Cliff & Dorothea Dumuid & Anthony D. Okely, 2021. "Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations between 24-Hour Movement Behaviours, Recreational Screen Use and Psychosocial Health Outcomes in Children: A Compositional Data Analysis Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-15, June.
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