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Cyberbullying, Social Media Addiction and Associations with Depression, Anxiety, and Stress among Medical Students in Malaysia

Author

Listed:
  • Michelle Hui Lim Lee

    (Hospital Sentosa, Kuching 93250, Malaysia)

  • Manveen Kaur

    (Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia)

  • Vinorra Shaker

    (School of Psychology, Asia Pacific University of Technology and Innovation, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia)

  • Anne Yee

    (Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia)

  • Rohana Sham

    (School of Business, Asia Pacific University of Technology and Innovation, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia)

  • Ching Sin Siau

    (Centre for Community Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia)

Abstract

This study aims to determine the prevalence and factors associated with cyberbullying and social media addiction. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 270 medical students from a public university in Kuching, Malaysia. The instruments used in this study included the cyberbullying questionnaire survey, Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21-item (DASS-21). The prevalence of cyberbullying victimization was 24.4%, whilst 13.0% reported cyberbullying perpetration over the past six months. Male gender was positively associated with both cyberbullying perpetration and cybervictimization, whilst social media addiction was positively associated with cybervictimization. Psychological motives such as positive attitudes toward cyberbullying and gaining power were associated with cyberbullying perpetration. Cybervictimization doubled the tendency to depression (a OR 2.50, 95% CI [1.23, 5.08], p = 0.012), anxiety (a OR 2.38, 95% CI [1.29, 4.40], p = 0.006), and stress (a OR 2.85, 95% CI [1.41, 5.77], p = 0.004), whilst social media addiction was associated with a higher tendency to depression (a OR 1.18, 95% CI [1.10, 1.26], p < 0.001), anxiety (a OR 1.15, 95% CI [1.08, 1.22], p < 0.001), and stress (a OR 1.21, 95% CI [1.12, 1.32], p < 0.001). Medical schools in Malaysia need policies and guidelines against cyberbullying.

Suggested Citation

  • Michelle Hui Lim Lee & Manveen Kaur & Vinorra Shaker & Anne Yee & Rohana Sham & Ching Sin Siau, 2023. "Cyberbullying, Social Media Addiction and Associations with Depression, Anxiety, and Stress among Medical Students in Malaysia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-13, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:4:p:3136-:d:1064566
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wong, Dennis S.W. & Chan, Heng Choon (Oliver) & Cheng, Christopher H.K., 2014. "Cyberbullying perpetration and victimization among adolescents in Hong Kong," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 133-140.
    2. Hiu Yan Wong & Hoi Yi Mo & Marc N. Potenza & Mung Ni Monica Chan & Wai Man Lau & Tsz Kwan Chui & Amir H. Pakpour & Chung-Ying Lin, 2020. "Relationships between Severity of Internet Gaming Disorder, Severity of Problematic Social Media Use, Sleep Quality and Psychological Distress," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-13, March.
    3. Noorlila Ahmad & Samsilah Roslan & Shamsuddin Othman & Shureen Faris Abdul Shukor & Abu Yazid Abu Bakar, 2018. "The Validity and Reliability of Psychometric Profile for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS21) Instrument among Malaysian Undergraduate Students," International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, Human Resource Management Academic Research Society, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, vol. 8(6), pages 812-827, June.
    4. Paul Benjamin Lowry & Jun Zhang & Chuang Wang & Mikko Siponen, 2016. "Why Do Adults Engage in Cyberbullying on Social Media? An Integration of Online Disinhibition and Deindividuation Effects with the Social Structure and Social Learning Model," Information Systems Research, INFORMS, vol. 27(4), pages 962-986, December.
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