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Integrating Social Care into Healthcare: A Review on Applying the Social Determinants of Health in Clinical Settings

Author

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  • M. Lelinneth B. Novilla

    (Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA)

  • Michael C. Goates

    (Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA)

  • Tyler Leffler

    (Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA)

  • Nathan Kenneth B. Novilla

    (Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA)

  • Chung-Yuan Wu

    (Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA)

  • Alexa Dall

    (Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA)

  • Cole Hansen

    (Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA)

Abstract

Despite the substantial health and economic burdens posed by the social determinants of health (SDH), these have yet to be efficiently, sufficiently, and sustainably addressed in clinical settings—medical offices, hospitals, and healthcare systems. Our study contextualized SDH application strategies in U.S. clinical settings by exploring the reasons for integration and identifying target patients/conditions, barriers, and recommendations for clinical translation. The foremost reason for integrating SDH in clinical settings was to identify unmet social needs and link patients to community resources, particularly for vulnerable and complex care populations. This was mainly carried out through SDH screening during patient intake to collect individual-level SDH data within the context of chronic medical, mental health, or behavioral conditions. Challenges and opportunities for integration occurred at the educational, practice, and administrative/institutional levels. Gaps remain in incorporating SDH in patient workflows and EHRs for making clinical decisions and predicting health outcomes. Current strategies are largely directed at moderating individual-level social needs versus addressing community-level root causes of health inequities. Obtaining policy, funding, administrative and staff support for integration, applying a systems approach through interprofessional/intersectoral partnerships, and delivering SDH-centered medical school curricula and training are vital in helping individuals and communities achieve their best possible health.

Suggested Citation

  • M. Lelinneth B. Novilla & Michael C. Goates & Tyler Leffler & Nathan Kenneth B. Novilla & Chung-Yuan Wu & Alexa Dall & Cole Hansen, 2023. "Integrating Social Care into Healthcare: A Review on Applying the Social Determinants of Health in Clinical Settings," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(19), pages 1-27, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:19:p:6873-:d:1252633
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Catherine Hudon & Olivier Dumont-Samson & Mylaine Breton & Yann Bourgueil & Christine Cohidon & Hector Falcoff & Nicolas Senn & Thérèse Van Durme & Émilie Angrignon-Girouard & Sarah Ouadfel, 2022. "How to Better Integrate Social Determinants of Health into Primary Healthcare: Various Stakeholders’ Perspectives," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-6, November.
    3. Wilkinson, G.W. & Sager, A. & Selig, S. & Antonelli, R. & Morton, S. & Hirsch, G. & Lee, C.R. & Ortiz, A. & Fox, D. & Lupi, M.V. & Acuff, C. & Wachman, M., 2017. "No Equity, No Triple Aim: Strategic Proposals to Advance Health Equity in a Volatile Policy Environment," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 107(S3), pages 223-228.
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    2. Michelle Mavreles Ogrodnick & Mary Helen O’Connor & Coco Lukas & Iris Feinberg, 2024. "Bridging the Language Gap in Healthcare: Implementing a Qualified Medical Interpreter Program for Lesser-Spoken Languages," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(10), pages 1-10, October.

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