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Associations between Maternal Education and Child Nutrition and Oral Health in an Indigenous Population in Ecuador

Author

Listed:
  • Bharathi Chinnakotla

    (School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA
    These authors have contributed equally to this work and share first authorship.)

  • Sita Manasa Susarla

    (School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA
    These authors have contributed equally to this work and share first authorship.)

  • Deepika Chandra Mohan

    (School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA)

  • Bathsheba Turton

    (Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA)

  • Hannah M. Husby

    (School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA)

  • Cecilia Paz Morales

    (General Dental Practice, Quito 170513, Ecuador)

  • Karen Sokal-Gutierrez

    (School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA)

Abstract

The global nutrition transition has increased the prevalence of childhood dental caries. Greater understanding is needed of the impact of social determinants—including maternal education—on child oral health. This is a cross-sectional analysis of a convenience sample of families of 458 indigenous Ecuadorian children aged 6 months through 6 years from 2011–2013. Data was collected by mother interviews and child dental and anthropometric examinations. Multivariate logistic and Zero-Inflated-Poisson regression analyses assessed associations between years of maternal education and maternal-child oral health practices and child oral health outcomes. Each additional year of maternal education was significantly ( p < 0.05) associated with some healthier practices including greater likelihood of mothers and children drinking milk daily (OR 1.20; 95% CI 1.08, 1.34); and less healthy practices including greater likelihood of bottle-feeding children with sugary liquids (OR 1.14; 95% CI 1.06, 1.22) and to older age, giving children sweets daily, calming children with a bottle or sweets, and less likelihood of helping brush their children’s teeth (OR 0.93; 95% CI 0.88, 0.98). Each year of maternal education had a small but statistically non-significant influence on increasing the odds of children being among those who are cavity-free (OR 1.03; 95% CI 0.92, 1.16). Interventions to improve health outcomes should focus not just on maternal education but also address social and commercial determinants of health through nutrition and oral health education, as well as policies to reduce sugar and ensure universal access to oral health care.

Suggested Citation

  • Bharathi Chinnakotla & Sita Manasa Susarla & Deepika Chandra Mohan & Bathsheba Turton & Hannah M. Husby & Cecilia Paz Morales & Karen Sokal-Gutierrez, 2022. "Associations between Maternal Education and Child Nutrition and Oral Health in an Indigenous Population in Ecuador," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-14, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2022:i:1:p:473-:d:1017282
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Priyanka Athavale & Nehaa Khadka & Shampa Roy & Piyasree Mukherjee & Deepika Chandra Mohan & Bathsheba (Bethy) Turton & Karen Sokal-Gutierrez, 2020. "Early Childhood Junk Food Consumption, Severe Dental Caries, and Undernutrition: A Mixed-Methods Study from Mumbai, India," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(22), pages 1-17, November.
    2. Chloe Tsang & Karen Sokal-Gutierrez & Priya Patel & Brett Lewis & Debbie Huang & Kristina Ronsin & Ashmita Baral & Aparna Bhatta & Nehaa Khadka & Howard Barkan & Sidhanta Gurung, 2019. "Early Childhood Oral Health and Nutrition in Urban and Rural Nepal," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-11, July.
    3. Madiha Yousaf & Tahir Aslam & Sidra Saeed & Azza Sarfraz & Zouina Sarfraz & Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda, 2022. "Individual, Family, and Socioeconomic Contributors to Dental Caries in Children from Low- and Middle-Income Countries," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-26, June.
    4. Debbie Huang & Karen Sokal-Gutierrez & Kenny Chung & Wenting Lin & Linh Ngo Khanh & Raymond Chung & Hung Trong Hoang & Susan L. Ivey, 2019. "Maternal and Child Nutrition and Oral Health in Urban Vietnam," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-10, July.
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    7. Lisa Jamieson & Barry Gibson & W. Murray Thomson, 2020. "Oral Health Inequalities and the Corporate Determinants of Health: A Commentary," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-6, September.
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