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Investigating Racial Differences in Allostatic Load by Educational Attainment among Non-Hispanic Black and White Men

Author

Listed:
  • Danielle R. Gilmore

    (Trachtenberg School of Public Policy and Administration, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA)

  • Tzitzi Morán Carreño

    (Graduate School of Education and Human Leadership, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA)

  • Hossein Zare

    (Johns Hopkins Center for Health Disparities Solutions, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA)

  • Justin X. Moore

    (Institute of Public and Preventive Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA)

  • Charles R. Rogers

    (Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA)

  • Ellen Brooks

    (Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA)

  • Ethan Petersen

    (Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA)

  • Carson Kennedy

    (Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA)

  • Roland J. Thorpe

    (Program for Research on Men’s Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA)

Abstract

Education continues to be a key factor contributing to increased access to critical life-improving opportunities and has been found to be protective against Allostatic Load (AL). The purpose of this study was to assess AL among Non-Hispanic (NH) White and NH Black men with the same level of education. We used 1999–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) data with an analytical sample of 6472 men (1842 NH Black and 4630 NH White), and nine biomarkers to measure AL, controlling for various demographic and health-related factors. NH Black men had a higher AL score than NH White men (39.1%, 842 vs. 37.7%, 1,975). Racial disparities in AL between NH Black and NH White men who have a college degree or above (PR: 1.49, CI: [1.24–1.80]) were observed. Models posited similar AL differences at every other level of education, although these were not statistically significant. The findings reveal that socioeconomic returns to education and the societal protective mechanisms associated with education vary greatly between White and Black men.

Suggested Citation

  • Danielle R. Gilmore & Tzitzi Morán Carreño & Hossein Zare & Justin X. Moore & Charles R. Rogers & Ellen Brooks & Ethan Petersen & Carson Kennedy & Roland J. Thorpe, 2022. "Investigating Racial Differences in Allostatic Load by Educational Attainment among Non-Hispanic Black and White Men," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-8, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:9:p:5486-:d:806806
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Charles R. Rogers & Justin X. Moore & Danielle R. Gilmore & Ethan Petersen & Ellen Brooks & Carson Kennedy & Roland J. Thorpe, 2022. "Investigation of Differences in Allostatic Load among Black Men by Level of Educational Attainment: High School Graduates Experience the Highest Levels of Stress," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-11, March.
    2. Geronimus, A.T. & Hicken, M. & Keene, D. & Bound, J., 2006. ""Weathering" and age patterns of allostatic load scores among blacks and whites in the United States," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 96(5), pages 826-833.
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    Cited by:

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