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The Effect of Worktime Control on Overtime Employees’ Mental Health and Work-Family Conflict: The Mediating Role of Voluntary Overtime

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  • Jiaoyang Yu

    (School of Education, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, China
    School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Jubilee Campus, Nottingham NG8 1BB, UK)

  • Stavroula Leka

    (School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Jubilee Campus, Nottingham NG8 1BB, UK
    Business School, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland)

Abstract

Overtime has become a widespread phenomenon in the current information age that creates a high speed working pace and fierce competition in the high technology global economy. Based on the time-regulation mechanism and effort-recovery model, we examined the effect of worktime control (WTC) on mental health and work-family conflict (WFC) among overtime employees, and whether voluntary overtime mediated the relationships. We also examined two separate dimensions of WTC (control over time-off and control over daily hours). The results showed that control over time-off was related to decreased depression, anxiety, stress and WFC, while control over daily hours was related to decreased stress and WFC. Generally, control over time-off was beneficial to females and employees with dependents. Furthermore, mediation results showed that voluntary overtime was a complete mediator of relationships between WTC and depression and anxiety as well as a partial mediator of the relationship between WTC and stress. However, this study did not find a mediating effect of voluntary overtime on the WTC-WFC relationship. Limitations and practical implications are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiaoyang Yu & Stavroula Leka, 2022. "The Effect of Worktime Control on Overtime Employees’ Mental Health and Work-Family Conflict: The Mediating Role of Voluntary Overtime," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-16, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:7:p:3767-:d:776755
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Li Guo & Jih-Yu Mao & Jack Ting-Ju Chiang & Zheng Wang & Lifan Chen, 2021. "Working hard or hardly working? How supervisor’s liking of employee affects interpretations of employee working overtime and performance ratings," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 38(4), pages 1561-1586, December.
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    4. Sungjin Park & Hyungdon Kook & Hongdeok Seok & Jae Hyoung Lee & Daeun Lim & Dong-Hyuk Cho & Suk-Kyu Oh, 2020. "The negative impact of long working hours on mental health in young Korean workers," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(8), pages 1-13, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Tayyaba Safdar & Dr. Anis-ul-Haque, 2024. "Balancing Act: A Holistic Exploration of Work-Family Conflict and its Impact on Physical and Psychological Well-being: A Comprehensive Systematic Review," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 13(2), pages 938-946.
    2. Wei, Xiahai & Xu, Jiawei & Cao, Hui, 2024. "Production automation upgrades and the mystery of workers' overwork: Evidence from a manufacturing employer-employee matching survey in China," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).

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