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The Relationship between Emotion Regulation (ER) and Problematic Smartphone Use (PSU): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses

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  • Siti Hajar Shahidin

    (Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
    Hospital Bahagia Ulu Kinta, Tanjung Rambutan 31250, Malaysia)

  • Marhani Midin

    (Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia)

  • Hatta Sidi

    (Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia)

  • Chia Lip Choy

    (Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Keningau, Peti Surat 11 Jalan Apin-Apin, Keningau 89007, Malaysia)

  • Nik Ruzyanei Nik Jaafar

    (Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia)

  • Hajar Mohd Salleh Sahimi

    (Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia)

  • Nur Aishah Che Roos

    (Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia)

Abstract

Emotion Dysregulation (ED) and Problematic Smartphone Use (PSU) are two rising global issues requiring further understanding on how they are linked. This paper aims to summarize the evidence pertaining to this relationship. Five databases were systematically searched for published literature from inception until 29 March 2021 using appropriate search strategies. Each study was screened for eligibility based on the set criteria, assessed for its quality and its level of evidence was determined. The Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software program (CMA) was employed to run further analyses of the data. Twenty-one studies were included in the systematic review. Nine studies with extractable data for meta-analysis had high across-studies heterogeneity, hence subgroup analyses were performed that confirmed a significant moderate positive correlation between ED and PSU (pooled correlation coefficient, r = 0.416 (four studies, n = 1462) and r = 0.42 (three studies, n = 899), respectively) and a weak positive correlation between “expressive suppression” and PSU (pooled correlation coefficient, r = 0.14 (two studies, n = 608)). Meta-regression analysis showed a stronger correlation between ED and PSU (R 2 = 1.0, p = 0.0006) in the younger age group. Further studies to establish and explore the mechanisms that contribute towards the positive link between ED and PSU are required to guide in the planning of targeted interventions in addressing both issues.

Suggested Citation

  • Siti Hajar Shahidin & Marhani Midin & Hatta Sidi & Chia Lip Choy & Nik Ruzyanei Nik Jaafar & Hajar Mohd Salleh Sahimi & Nur Aishah Che Roos, 2022. "The Relationship between Emotion Regulation (ER) and Problematic Smartphone Use (PSU): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-26, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:23:p:15848-:d:986796
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Natalio Extremera & Cirenia Quintana-Orts & Nicolás Sánchez-Álvarez & Lourdes Rey, 2019. "The Role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies on Problematic Smartphone Use: Comparison between Problematic and Non-Problematic Adolescent Users," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-12, August.
    2. Sarah E. Domoff & Emma Q. Sutherland & Sonja Yokum & Ashley N. Gearhardt, 2020. "Adolescents’ Addictive Phone Use: Associations with Eating Behaviors and Adiposity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-10, April.
    3. Fu, Linqian & Wang, Pengcheng & Zhao, Meng & Xie, Xin & Chen, Ye & Nie, Jia & Lei, Li, 2020. "Can emotion regulation difficulty lead to adolescent problematic smartphone use? A moderated mediation model of depression and perceived social support," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
    4. Rachel M. Ranney & Emma Bruehlman-Senecal & Ozlem Ayduk, 2017. "Comparing the Effects of Three Online Cognitive Reappraisal Trainings on Well-Being," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 18(5), pages 1319-1338, October.
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