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Characteristics of Households’ Vulnerability to Extreme Heat: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study from India

Author

Listed:
  • Lipika Nanda

    (Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram 122002, India)

  • Soham Chakraborty

    (Indian Institute of Public Health, Bhubaneswar 751013, India)

  • Saswat Kishore Mishra

    (Centre for Management Studies, Administrative Staff College of India, Hyderabad 500034, India)

  • Ambarish Dutta

    (Indian Institute of Public Health, Bhubaneswar 751013, India)

  • Suresh Kumar Rathi

    (Department of Central Research and Innovation Center, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Vadodara 391760, India)

Abstract

High ambient temperature is a key public health problem, as it is linked to high heat-related morbidity and mortality. We intended to recognize the characteristics connected to heat vulnerability and the coping practices among Indian urbanites of Angul and Kolkata. In 2020, a cross-sectional design was applied to 500 households (HHs) each in Angul and Kolkata. Information was gathered on various characteristics including sociodemographics, household, exposure, sensitivity, and coping practices regarding heat and summer heat illness history, and these characteristics led to the computation of a heat vulnerability index (HVI). Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used with HVI as the outcome variable to identify the determinants of high vulnerability to heat. The results show that some common and some different factors are responsible for determining the heat vulnerability of a household across different cities. For Angul, the factors that influence vulnerability are a greater number of rooms in houses, the use of cooling methods such as air conditioning, having comorbid conditions, the gender of the household head, and distance from nearby a primary health centre (PHC). For Kolkata, the factors are unemployment, income, the number of rooms, sleeping patterns, avoidance of nonvegetarian food, sources of water, comorbidities, and distance from a PHC. The study shows that every city has a different set of variables that influences vulnerability, and each factor should be considered in design plans to mitigate vulnerability to extreme heat.

Suggested Citation

  • Lipika Nanda & Soham Chakraborty & Saswat Kishore Mishra & Ambarish Dutta & Suresh Kumar Rathi, 2022. "Characteristics of Households’ Vulnerability to Extreme Heat: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study from India," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-14, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:22:p:15334-:d:978505
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kathy V. Tran & Gulrez S. Azhar & Rajesh Nair & Kim Knowlton & Anjali Jaiswal & Perry Sheffield & Dileep Mavalankar & Jeremy Hess, 2013. "A Cross-Sectional, Randomized Cluster Sample Survey of Household Vulnerability to Extreme Heat among Slum Dwellers in Ahmedabad, India," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-29, June.
    2. Luis Inostroza & Massimo Palme & Francisco de la Barrera, 2016. "A Heat Vulnerability Index: Spatial Patterns of Exposure, Sensitivity and Adaptive Capacity for Santiago de Chile," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(9), pages 1-26, September.
    3. J.C. Gaillard, 2010. "Vulnerability, capacity and resilience: Perspectives for climate and development policy," Journal of International Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 22(2), pages 218-232.
    4. Subhashisa Swain & Shreeporna Bhattacharya & Ambarish Dutta & Sanghamitra Pati & Lipika Nanda, 2019. "Vulnerability and Adaptation to Extreme Heat in Odisha, India: A Community Based Comparative Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-12, December.
    5. Suresh Kumar Rathi & Soham Chakraborty & Saswat Kishore Mishra & Ambarish Dutta & Lipika Nanda, 2021. "A Heat Vulnerability Index: Spatial Patterns of Exposure, Sensitivity and Adaptive Capacity for Urbanites of Four Cities of India," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-17, December.
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